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Disorders","slug":"sleep-disorders","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34336"},"image":{"src":"/img/background-image-1.daf74cf0.png","width":0,"height":0},"hasArticle":true,"hasBook":false,"articleCount":4,"bookCount":0}],"description":"The human body is amazing. But it's not perfect. Here's help for when things go wrong.","relatedArticles":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles?category=34139&offset=0&size=5"},"hasArticle":true,"hasBook":true,"articleCount":547,"bookCount":29},"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"}},"relatedCategoriesLoadedStatus":"success"},"listState":{"list":{"count":10,"total":547,"items":[{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-26T15:26:30+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-06-06T18:33:40+00:00","timestamp":"2023-06-06T21:01:02+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Crohn's & Colitis","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34149"},"slug":"crohns-and-colitis","categoryId":34149}],"title":"8 Things That Can Worsen Crohn’s & Colitis Symptoms","strippedTitle":"8 things that can worsen crohn’s & colitis symptoms","slug":"eight-things-that-may-worsen-your-crohns-and-colitis-symptoms","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Taking your medications as prescribed is one way to keep your Crohn’s and colitis under control. However, the disease can become active despite taking medicatio","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Taking your medications as prescribed is one way to keep your Crohn’s and colitis under control. However, the disease can become active despite taking medications. Certain things are known to trigger Crohn’s and colitis flares or increase your symptoms. But if you know about these triggers ahead of time — and avoid them — you can help yourself stay in remission and avoid flares. Here are the common triggers for Crohn’s and colitis:\r\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Smoking:</b> Smoking not only increases your risk of having Crohn’s disease, but also makes the disease worse, causing you to have more flares. Studies have also shown that smoking brings Crohn’s disease back after surgery.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Drugs:</b> A variety of drugs can trigger Crohn’s and colitis symptoms, including frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Motrin, Advil, or Aleve. Certain antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin and penicillin) increase your risk of having infection of your intestines, which can mimic acute flare.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para Warning\">Talk with your doctor if you have any concerns about medications you’ve been prescribed. Don’t stop taking a prescribed antibiotic without consulting with your doctor first.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Diet:</b> Certain foods may give you more problems than others, but everyone reacts differently to different foods — so what your sibling with Crohn’s or colitis can tolerate and what you can tolerate may be different. Pay attention to which foods are giving you trouble and avoid them in the future. Here are some common culprits:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"level-two\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Artificial sweeteners</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Fatty foods</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">High-fiber food</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Gas-producing food (lentils, beans, legumes, broccoli)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Caffeine</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Spicy foods</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Nuts and seeds</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Dairy products (if you’re lactose intolerant)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Wheat and other products<i> </i>(if you’re sensitive to gluten)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Alcohol:</b> Studies have <i>not</i> shown that drinking adversely affects the inflammation in Crohn’s and colitis patients. Alcohol does, however, irritate the intestines and can worsen symptoms of diarrhea in some patients. It can also interact with certain medications you may take for your disease, such as metronidazole and methotrexate.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Dehydration: </b>Active disease makes you go to the restroom frequently, causing you to lose water and salt and putting you at risk for dehydration. Dehydration itself can cause stress to your body functions and cause more weakness and inability to cope with illness. And a vicious cycle starts. . . . Bottom line: Stay hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-ounce glasses of clean water a day.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para Tip\">The amount of water you need may vary depending on your age, weight, activity level, and body fluid losses (such as water lost during diarrhea). Talk with your doctor and dietitian about your total daily water requirement.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Depression:</b> Studies have shown that depression can cause disease flare. You can have more symptoms and an increase in inflammation of the intestines when you’re depressed. Your doctor may prescribe an antidepressant to treat depression and, thus, reduce the symptoms of your Crohn’s or colitis. Be sure to talk with your doctor if you’re feeling depressed.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Lack of sleep:</b> Sleep can affect the immune system, and poor sleep or sleep deprivation can activate inflammation. Poor sleepers tend to have more inflammation of their intestines and are at risk for future flares. Getting an uninterrupted seven to eight hours of sleep can keep your symptoms at a bay.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Stress:</b> Stress has a negative impact on the immune system. Physical and emotional stress has been shown to cause disease flare and an increase in symptoms. Nobody has a stress-free life, but do what you can to keep your stress at a minimum, even if that means taking a yoga class or dropping the kids off at your health club’s daycare center while you sit in the sauna for 30 minutes. (Just make sure to stay hydrated if you’re sweating out your stress.)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>","description":"Taking your medications as prescribed is one way to keep your Crohn’s and colitis under control. However, the disease can become active despite taking medications. Certain things are known to trigger Crohn’s and colitis flares or increase your symptoms. But if you know about these triggers ahead of time — and avoid them — you can help yourself stay in remission and avoid flares. Here are the common triggers for Crohn’s and colitis:\r\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Smoking:</b> Smoking not only increases your risk of having Crohn’s disease, but also makes the disease worse, causing you to have more flares. Studies have also shown that smoking brings Crohn’s disease back after surgery.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Drugs:</b> A variety of drugs can trigger Crohn’s and colitis symptoms, including frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Motrin, Advil, or Aleve. Certain antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin and penicillin) increase your risk of having infection of your intestines, which can mimic acute flare.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para Warning\">Talk with your doctor if you have any concerns about medications you’ve been prescribed. Don’t stop taking a prescribed antibiotic without consulting with your doctor first.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Diet:</b> Certain foods may give you more problems than others, but everyone reacts differently to different foods — so what your sibling with Crohn’s or colitis can tolerate and what you can tolerate may be different. Pay attention to which foods are giving you trouble and avoid them in the future. Here are some common culprits:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"level-two\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Artificial sweeteners</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Fatty foods</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">High-fiber food</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Gas-producing food (lentils, beans, legumes, broccoli)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Caffeine</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Spicy foods</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Nuts and seeds</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Dairy products (if you’re lactose intolerant)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Wheat and other products<i> </i>(if you’re sensitive to gluten)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Alcohol:</b> Studies have <i>not</i> shown that drinking adversely affects the inflammation in Crohn’s and colitis patients. Alcohol does, however, irritate the intestines and can worsen symptoms of diarrhea in some patients. It can also interact with certain medications you may take for your disease, such as metronidazole and methotrexate.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Dehydration: </b>Active disease makes you go to the restroom frequently, causing you to lose water and salt and putting you at risk for dehydration. Dehydration itself can cause stress to your body functions and cause more weakness and inability to cope with illness. And a vicious cycle starts. . . . Bottom line: Stay hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-ounce glasses of clean water a day.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para Tip\">The amount of water you need may vary depending on your age, weight, activity level, and body fluid losses (such as water lost during diarrhea). Talk with your doctor and dietitian about your total daily water requirement.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Depression:</b> Studies have shown that depression can cause disease flare. You can have more symptoms and an increase in inflammation of the intestines when you’re depressed. Your doctor may prescribe an antidepressant to treat depression and, thus, reduce the symptoms of your Crohn’s or colitis. Be sure to talk with your doctor if you’re feeling depressed.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Lack of sleep:</b> Sleep can affect the immune system, and poor sleep or sleep deprivation can activate inflammation. Poor sleepers tend to have more inflammation of their intestines and are at risk for future flares. Getting an uninterrupted seven to eight hours of sleep can keep your symptoms at a bay.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Stress:</b> Stress has a negative impact on the immune system. Physical and emotional stress has been shown to cause disease flare and an increase in symptoms. Nobody has a stress-free life, but do what you can to keep your stress at a minimum, even if that means taking a yoga class or dropping the kids off at your health club’s daycare center while you sit in the sauna for 30 minutes. (Just make sure to stay hydrated if you’re sweating out your stress.)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9752,"name":"Tauseef Ali","slug":"tauseef-ali","description":" <p><b>Tauseef Ali</b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9752"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34149,"title":"Crohn's & Colitis","slug":"crohns-and-colitis","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34149"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":208002,"title":"Crohn’s and Colitis For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"crohns-colitis-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/208002"}},{"articleId":168335,"title":"The Major Causes of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"the-major-causes-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168335"}},{"articleId":168337,"title":"Common Symptoms of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"common-symptoms-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168337"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":208002,"title":"Crohn’s and Colitis For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"crohns-colitis-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/208002"}},{"articleId":168335,"title":"The Major Causes of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"the-major-causes-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168335"}},{"articleId":168337,"title":"Common Symptoms of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"common-symptoms-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168337"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":282126,"slug":"crohns-and-colitis-for-dummies","isbn":"9781119875772","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119875773-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/crohns-and-colitis-for-dummies-2nd-edition-cover-9781119875772-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Crohn's and Colitis For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><b><b data-author-id=\"9752\">Tauseef Ali</b></b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p> <p><b>Tauseef Ali</b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":9752,"name":"Tauseef Ali","slug":"tauseef-ali","description":" <p><b>Tauseef Ali</b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9752"}},{"authorId":35254,"name":"David T. Rubin","slug":"david-t-rubin","description":" <p><b>Tauseef Ali</b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/35254"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;crohns-and-colitis&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119875772&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-647f9e8ec5700\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;crohns-and-colitis&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119875772&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-647f9e8ec5f73\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Articles","articleList":null,"content":null,"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-06-06T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":168336},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:58:21+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-05-15T15:42:55+00:00","timestamp":"2023-05-15T18:01:04+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34140"},"slug":"addiction","categoryId":34140},{"name":"General Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"},"slug":"general-addiction","categoryId":34142}],"title":"Addiction and Recovery For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"addiction and recovery for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Learn how to recognize addiction in yourself or a loved one and the common approaches to treatment and recovery.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"To overcome an addiction, first you need to recognize addiction in yourself or a loved one. Then, explore addiction recovery programs and treatment methods and decide how to deal with your addictive behavior, or that of a family member or friend.","description":"To overcome an addiction, first you need to recognize addiction in yourself or a loved one. Then, explore addiction recovery programs and treatment methods and decide how to deal with your addictive behavior, or that of a family member or friend.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":10562,"name":"Paul Ritvo","slug":"paul-ritvo","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10562"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34142,"title":"General Addiction","slug":"general-addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":201643,"title":"The Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling","slug":"taking-a-look-at-the-three-phases-of-compulsive-gambling","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/201643"}},{"articleId":200634,"title":"Considering the Cost of Addiction to Families","slug":"considering-the-cost-of-addiction-to-families","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200634"}},{"articleId":200160,"title":"Effects of Psychedelics and Hallucinogens","slug":"examining-the-effects-of-psychedelics-and-hallucinogens","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200160"}},{"articleId":199936,"title":"Interventions: Breaking through Denial and Fear","slug":"interventions-breaking-through-denial-and-fear","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/199936"}},{"articleId":195447,"title":"How to Recognize Addiction in Yourself","slug":"how-to-recognize-addiction-in-yourself","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/195447"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":297561,"title":"Overcoming Internet Addiction For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"overcoming-internet-addiction-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/297561"}},{"articleId":201643,"title":"The Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling","slug":"taking-a-look-at-the-three-phases-of-compulsive-gambling","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/201643"}},{"articleId":200634,"title":"Considering the Cost of Addiction to Families","slug":"considering-the-cost-of-addiction-to-families","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200634"}},{"articleId":200160,"title":"Effects of Psychedelics and Hallucinogens","slug":"examining-the-effects-of-psychedelics-and-hallucinogens","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200160"}},{"articleId":199936,"title":"Interventions: Breaking through Denial and Fear","slug":"interventions-breaking-through-denial-and-fear","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/199936"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":281931,"slug":"addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies","isbn":"9781119886990","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119886996/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119886996/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119886996-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119886996/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119886996/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies-2nd-edition-cover-9781119886990-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Addiction & Recovery For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, <b data-author-id=\"10562\">Paul Ritvo</b>, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":10562,"name":"Paul Ritvo","slug":"paul-ritvo","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10562"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[{"title":"For Those Seeking Peace of Mind","slug":"for-those-seeking-peace-of-mind","collectionId":287563}],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119886990&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-646273609e600\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119886990&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-646273609ee93\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":195447,"title":"How to Recognize Addiction in Yourself","slug":"how-to-recognize-addiction-in-yourself","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/195447"}},{"articleId":195441,"title":"How to Recognize Addiction in a Loved One","slug":"how-to-recognize-addiction-in-a-loved-one","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/195441"}},{"articleId":195439,"title":"Getting Help for an Addiction","slug":"getting-help-for-an-addiction","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/195439"}}],"content":[{"title":"How to recognize addiction in yourself","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Dealing with an addiction means you stop wasting time and energy on self-deception and denial. Take a good, hard look at yourself and be perfectly honest. Are any of these statements true for you?</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Your substance-seeking behavior is increasing, or your compulsion to do the problematic behavior is increasing.</li>\n<li>Your main focus on living is getting and using the substance or doing the addictive behavior.</li>\n<li>You’re losing touch with the priorities in your life, such as friends, work, school, and family responsibilities, because of your substance use or addictive behavior.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"How to recognize addition in a loved one","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>If you suspect an addiction is happening in someone else look at this list of questions and see if the answer is yes or no. Does this person . . .</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Turn up late for functions or dates?</li>\n<li>No longer follow through consistently on commitments?</li>\n<li>Have more trouble with illness than usual?</li>\n<li>Have more problems at work than usual?</li>\n<li>Seem to be withdrawing from intimate contacts, especially with you?</li>\n<li>Have unexplained absences from or inconsistencies in their usual schedule?</li>\n<li>Appear to have a new set of friends whom you don’t get to meet?</li>\n<li>Have major financial fluctuations (for example, spending more or considerably less money than usual)?</li>\n<li>Have lapses of concentration or memory?</li>\n<li>Stay up later at night and sleep in more during the day?</li>\n<li>Have more trouble than usual getting it together in the morning?</li>\n<li>Seem surprisingly secretive about specific aspects of their life?</li>\n</ul>\n<p>While this checklist cannot diagnose an addiction, the more “yes” answers, the more likely your loved one is suffering from an addiction.</p>\n"},{"title":"Approaches to addiction treatment and recovery","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Entering treatment for addiction entails finding the right method of treatment for you. Keep in mind that virtually all addiction recovery programs use one or more of these seven views on addiction:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Moral:</strong> People will and often do sacrifice anything to feed an addiction.</li>\n<li><strong>Disease:</strong> Addiction is a disease that causes unhealthy brain function.</li>\n<li><strong>Pharmacological:</strong> Addiction stems from chemical imbalances that some nonaddictive drugs can help with (for example, antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, and some psychedelic medications).</li>\n<li><strong>Cognitive-behavioral:</strong> Cognitive distortions drive addictions and can be replaced with “healthy thinking” and healthy satisfactions.</li>\n<li><strong>Learning:</strong> Different kinds and levels of learning cause addiction. <em>Conditioning</em> is important as it can be largely automatic and dominant, involving less or little or no thinking.</li>\n<li><strong>Psychodynamic:</strong> Difficulties in emotional regulation cause extremes like numbing and emotional flooding — addictive substances can then calm, sedate, excite, and sexualize unhealthfully.</li>\n<li><strong>Biopsychosocial:</strong> Physical, psychological, and social aspects of addiction are addressed in combination treatments.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>These views are structured into programs in residential treatment centers (for example, 28-day programs) or outpatient centers, guided by professionals or self-help trainers who apply evidence-based treatments.</p>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-05-15T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":209422},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-26T22:58:23+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-05-03T18:28:38+00:00","timestamp":"2023-05-03T21:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34140"},"slug":"addiction","categoryId":34140},{"name":"General Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"},"slug":"general-addiction","categoryId":34142}],"title":"The Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling","strippedTitle":"the three phases of compulsive gambling","slug":"taking-a-look-at-the-three-phases-of-compulsive-gambling","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Gambling involves the betting or wagering of valuables on uncertain outcomes and takes many forms — from games of chance to skill-based activities. People have ","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"<i>Gambling</i> involves the betting or wagering of valuables on uncertain outcomes and takes many forms — from games of chance to skill-based activities. People have many motivations for gambling, but all involve the hope of gaining more.\r\n\r\nGambling is sometimes a rite of passage by which people discover more about themselves and how to compete with others. It is sometimes a way of life (for people such as casino pros and escape gamblers). It can be, in its healthiest form, a way of socializing and having fun.\r\n\r\nPathological gambling is a progressive disorder that involves impulse-control problems. The consequences of pathological gambling are severe and may be devastating to the addicted person's family and career, but the disorder can be treated.\r\n\r\nAs with all addictions, pathological gambling has personal, familial, and neurochemical aspects. Pathological gamblers may even have a genetic vulnerability, although such complex behaviors are unlikely to be traced to one specific gene in the same way some medical conditions, like cystic fibrosis, have been.\r\n\r\nProblem gambling pioneer Dr. Robert Custer identified three phases to a progressive gambling problem: a winning phase, a losing phase, and a desperation phase.\r\n<h2 id=\"tab1\" >Winning phase</h2>\r\nIn the winning phase, you may experience a \"big win\" or a series of smaller wins that result in excess optimism. You may feel an unrealistic sense of power and control and you're excited by the prospect of more wins. (\"Hey Doc, this is a sure thing. I'm betting the farm.\") At the same time, you can't maintain the excitement unless you're continually involved in high-risk bets. Your bets increase, and ultimately, the increased risk puts you in a vulnerable situation where you can't afford to lose . . . and then, sure as the sun rises, you do lose.\r\n<h2 id=\"tab2\" >Losing phase</h2>\r\nIn the losing phase, you may brag about past wins; how you had the casino or track or bookie on the ropes. But in the immediate situation, you're losing more than winning. You're more likely to gamble alone, and when not gambling, you're more likely to spend time thinking about how and when you'll gamble next.\r\n\r\nMost importantly, you're concerned with how you'll raise more money, legally or illegally. You may have a few wins that fuel the size of your bets. But the dominant pattern is that of losing. Moreover, making the next bet becomes more important than the winning of any previous bet.\r\n\r\nAs the losing continues, you start lying to family and friends and feeling more irritable, restless, and emotionally isolated. You start borrowing money that you're unsure about being able to repay.\r\n\r\nAs your life becomes unmanageable, you may be developing some serious financial problems. Your denial of the huge financial pressures that are building may seem unbelievable to some people: You're also likely to start <i>chasing your losses,</i> trying to win back what you lost. (\"Doc, I'll stop, but first I've got to get back to even.\") If you don't change your pattern, however, you'll be engaging in more and more self-destructive behavior.\r\n<h2 id=\"tab3\" >Desperation phase</h2>\r\nThe next phase, the desperation phase, involves still another marked change in your gambling behavior. You may now make bets more often than is normal, in more desperate attempts to catch up and \"get even.\" The behavior that's now out of control is associated with deep remorse, with blaming others, and with the alienation of family and friends.\r\n\r\nYou may engage in illegal activities to finance your gambling. You may experience a sense of hopelessness and think about suicide and divorce. Other addictions and emotional problems may also intensify during this phase and drag you down.","description":"<i>Gambling</i> involves the betting or wagering of valuables on uncertain outcomes and takes many forms — from games of chance to skill-based activities. People have many motivations for gambling, but all involve the hope of gaining more.\r\n\r\nGambling is sometimes a rite of passage by which people discover more about themselves and how to compete with others. It is sometimes a way of life (for people such as casino pros and escape gamblers). It can be, in its healthiest form, a way of socializing and having fun.\r\n\r\nPathological gambling is a progressive disorder that involves impulse-control problems. The consequences of pathological gambling are severe and may be devastating to the addicted person's family and career, but the disorder can be treated.\r\n\r\nAs with all addictions, pathological gambling has personal, familial, and neurochemical aspects. Pathological gamblers may even have a genetic vulnerability, although such complex behaviors are unlikely to be traced to one specific gene in the same way some medical conditions, like cystic fibrosis, have been.\r\n\r\nProblem gambling pioneer Dr. Robert Custer identified three phases to a progressive gambling problem: a winning phase, a losing phase, and a desperation phase.\r\n<h2 id=\"tab1\" >Winning phase</h2>\r\nIn the winning phase, you may experience a \"big win\" or a series of smaller wins that result in excess optimism. You may feel an unrealistic sense of power and control and you're excited by the prospect of more wins. (\"Hey Doc, this is a sure thing. I'm betting the farm.\") At the same time, you can't maintain the excitement unless you're continually involved in high-risk bets. Your bets increase, and ultimately, the increased risk puts you in a vulnerable situation where you can't afford to lose . . . and then, sure as the sun rises, you do lose.\r\n<h2 id=\"tab2\" >Losing phase</h2>\r\nIn the losing phase, you may brag about past wins; how you had the casino or track or bookie on the ropes. But in the immediate situation, you're losing more than winning. You're more likely to gamble alone, and when not gambling, you're more likely to spend time thinking about how and when you'll gamble next.\r\n\r\nMost importantly, you're concerned with how you'll raise more money, legally or illegally. You may have a few wins that fuel the size of your bets. But the dominant pattern is that of losing. Moreover, making the next bet becomes more important than the winning of any previous bet.\r\n\r\nAs the losing continues, you start lying to family and friends and feeling more irritable, restless, and emotionally isolated. You start borrowing money that you're unsure about being able to repay.\r\n\r\nAs your life becomes unmanageable, you may be developing some serious financial problems. Your denial of the huge financial pressures that are building may seem unbelievable to some people: You're also likely to start <i>chasing your losses,</i> trying to win back what you lost. (\"Doc, I'll stop, but first I've got to get back to even.\") If you don't change your pattern, however, you'll be engaging in more and more self-destructive behavior.\r\n<h2 id=\"tab3\" >Desperation phase</h2>\r\nThe next phase, the desperation phase, involves still another marked change in your gambling behavior. You may now make bets more often than is normal, in more desperate attempts to catch up and \"get even.\" The behavior that's now out of control is associated with deep remorse, with blaming others, and with the alienation of family and friends.\r\n\r\nYou may engage in illegal activities to finance your gambling. You may experience a sense of hopelessness and think about suicide and divorce. Other addictions and emotional problems may also intensify during this phase and drag you down.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":10561,"name":"Brian F. Shaw","slug":"brian-f-shaw","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10561"}},{"authorId":10562,"name":"Paul Ritvo","slug":"paul-ritvo","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10562"}},{"authorId":10563,"name":"Jane Irvine","slug":"jane-irvine","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10563"}},{"authorId":10564,"name":"M. David Lewis","slug":"m-david-lewis","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. 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Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b data-author-id=\"10563\">Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years' experience in private consulting. </p>","authors":[{"authorId":10562,"name":"Paul Ritvo","slug":"paul-ritvo","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10562"}},{"authorId":10563,"name":"Jane Irvine","slug":"jane-irvine","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10563"}},{"authorId":10564,"name":"M. David Lewis","slug":"m-david-lewis","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10564"}},{"authorId":10561,"name":"Brian F. Shaw","slug":"brian-f-shaw","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10561"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9780764576256&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6452cb8f0af69\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9780764576256&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6452cb8f0b643\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Articles","articleList":null,"content":null,"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-05-03T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":201643},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-26T17:32:29+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-04-27T19:54:33+00:00","timestamp":"2023-04-27T21:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Diabetes","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34150"},"slug":"diabetes","categoryId":34150}],"title":"Screening Guidelines for Diabetes","strippedTitle":"screening guidelines for diabetes","slug":"screening-guidelines-for-diabetes","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"The American Diabetes Association (ADA) updates its guidelines for standards of medical care annually. These are the 2022 guidelines for screening: People with ","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"The American Diabetes Association (ADA) updates its guidelines for standards of medical care annually. These are the 2022 guidelines for screening:\r\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">People with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss are tested immediately.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Starting at age 35, all people without risk factors should be tested for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes every three years if tests are normal. (The ADA changed this from the previously recommended age of 45.)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>Women planning to become pregnant should be screened with a fasting glucose test, especially if they have risk factors.</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">People should be tested at a younger age and more often if:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"level-two\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They are obese.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have a parent or sibling with diabetes.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They are from a high-risk group, such as African American, Hispanic, Asian, or Native American.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have delivered a baby more than 9 pounds or had gestational diabetes.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have high blood pressure.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>","description":"The American Diabetes Association (ADA) updates its guidelines for standards of medical care annually. These are the 2022 guidelines for screening:\r\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">People with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss are tested immediately.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">Starting at age 35, all people without risk factors should be tested for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes every three years if tests are normal. (The ADA changed this from the previously recommended age of 45.)</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>Women planning to become pregnant should be screened with a fasting glucose test, especially if they have risk factors.</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">People should be tested at a younger age and more often if:</p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"level-two\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They are obese.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have a parent or sibling with diabetes.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They are from a high-risk group, such as African American, Hispanic, Asian, or Native American.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have delivered a baby more than 9 pounds or had gestational diabetes.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have high blood pressure.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\">They have low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9008,"name":"Alan L. Rubin","slug":"alan-l-rubin","description":" <p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9008"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34150,"title":"Diabetes","slug":"diabetes","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34150"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":208280,"title":"Diabetes For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"diabetes-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/208280"}},{"articleId":175137,"title":"Oral Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes","slug":"oral-drugs-for-type-2-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175137"}},{"articleId":175135,"title":"10 Rules for Diabetes Control","slug":"10-rules-for-diabetes-control","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175135"}},{"articleId":175130,"title":"Standards for Continuing Your Diabetes Care","slug":"standards-for-continuing-your-diabetes-care","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175130"}},{"articleId":142342,"title":"Your Handy Diabetes Resource Guide","slug":"your-handy-diabetes-resource-guide","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/142342"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":208280,"title":"Diabetes For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"diabetes-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/208280"}},{"articleId":187477,"title":"Lifestyle Changes That Improve Diabetes Management","slug":"lifestyle-changes-that-improve-diabetes-management","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/187477"}},{"articleId":175135,"title":"10 Rules for Diabetes Control","slug":"10-rules-for-diabetes-control","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175135"}},{"articleId":175137,"title":"Oral Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes","slug":"oral-drugs-for-type-2-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175137"}},{"articleId":175130,"title":"Standards for Continuing Your Diabetes Care","slug":"standards-for-continuing-your-diabetes-care","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175130"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":282149,"slug":"diabetes-for-dummies-5th-edition","isbn":"9781119912583","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/111991258X-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/diabetes-for-dummies-6th-edition-cover-9781119912583-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Diabetes For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> <p><b><b data-author-id=\"34601\">Amy Riolo</b></b> is an award-winning author, chef, television personality, food historian, and culinary anthropologist. She is known for simplifying recipes for the home cook. She leads culinary tours in Italy, is the co-founder of A.N.I.T.A. (National Italian Academy of Food Traditions), and has her own line of private-label Italian products.</p> <p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":9008,"name":"Alan L. Rubin","slug":"alan-l-rubin","description":" <p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9008"}},{"authorId":34601,"name":"Amy Riolo","slug":"amy-riolo","description":" <p><b>Amy Riolo</b> is an award-winning author, chef, television personality, food historian, and culinary anthropologist. She is known for simplifying recipes for the home cook. She leads culinary tours in Italy, is the co-founder of A.N.I.T.A. (National Italian Academy of Food Traditions), and has her own line of private-label Italian products.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/34601"}},{"authorId":35273,"name":"Dr. Simon Poole","slug":"dr-simon-poole","description":" <p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/35273"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;diabetes&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119912583&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-644ae28f4c14b\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;diabetes&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119912583&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-644ae28f4c7ca\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Articles","articleList":null,"content":null,"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"One year","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-04-27T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":175136},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:51:55+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-04-18T13:49:09+00:00","timestamp":"2023-04-18T15:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Diabetes","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34150"},"slug":"diabetes","categoryId":34150}],"title":"Diabetes For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"diabetes for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"diabetes-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"This Cheat Sheet includes the ADA's screening guidelines, rules for best diabetes control, information on medications, and more.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Diabetes, which is excessive glucose in your blood, leads to serious health problems if left untreated.\r\n\r\nYou should follow the American Diabetes Association screening guidelines to get tested for diabetes at the earliest possible time.\r\n\r\nIf you have diabetes, this Cheat Sheet is a handy reference to screening guidelines, rules for living with diabetes, and continuing your diabetes care to better control the disease.","description":"Diabetes, which is excessive glucose in your blood, leads to serious health problems if left untreated.\r\n\r\nYou should follow the American Diabetes Association screening guidelines to get tested for diabetes at the earliest possible time.\r\n\r\nIf you have diabetes, this Cheat Sheet is a handy reference to screening guidelines, rules for living with diabetes, and continuing your diabetes care to better control the disease.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":35273,"name":"Dr. Simon Poole","slug":"dr-simon-poole","description":"<strong>Dr. Simon Poole</strong> is a doctor, author, speaker, and consultant. He treats patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes from the time of diagnosis onward and is an authority on the Mediterranean diet.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/35273"}},{"authorId":34601,"name":"Amy Riolo","slug":"amy-riolo","description":"<strong><span class=\"a-text-bold\">Amy Riolo</span></strong> is an award-winning author and chef. She’s also the author of <em><span class=\"a-text-italic\">Mediterranean Lifestyle For Dummies</span></em> and <em><span class=\"a-text-italic\">Italian Recipes For Dummies</span></em>.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/34601"}},{"authorId":9008,"name":"Alan L. Rubin","slug":"alan-l-rubin","description":" <p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9008"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34150,"title":"Diabetes","slug":"diabetes","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34150"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":175137,"title":"Oral Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes","slug":"oral-drugs-for-type-2-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175137"}},{"articleId":175136,"title":"Screening Guidelines for Diabetes","slug":"screening-guidelines-for-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175136"}},{"articleId":175135,"title":"10 Rules for Diabetes Control","slug":"10-rules-for-diabetes-control","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175135"}},{"articleId":175130,"title":"Standards for Continuing Your Diabetes Care","slug":"standards-for-continuing-your-diabetes-care","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175130"}},{"articleId":142342,"title":"Your Handy Diabetes Resource Guide","slug":"your-handy-diabetes-resource-guide","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/142342"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":187477,"title":"Lifestyle Changes That Improve Diabetes Management","slug":"lifestyle-changes-that-improve-diabetes-management","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/187477"}},{"articleId":175137,"title":"Oral Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes","slug":"oral-drugs-for-type-2-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175137"}},{"articleId":175135,"title":"10 Rules for Diabetes Control","slug":"10-rules-for-diabetes-control","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175135"}},{"articleId":175136,"title":"Screening Guidelines for Diabetes","slug":"screening-guidelines-for-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175136"}},{"articleId":175130,"title":"Standards for Continuing Your Diabetes Care","slug":"standards-for-continuing-your-diabetes-care","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175130"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":282149,"slug":"diabetes-for-dummies-5th-edition","isbn":"9781119912583","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/111991258X-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/111991258X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/diabetes-for-dummies-6th-edition-cover-9781119912583-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Diabetes For Dummies, 6th Edition","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> <strong><span class=\"a-text-bold\"><b data-author-id=\"34601\">Amy Riolo</b></span></strong> is an award-winning author and chef. She’s also the author of <em><span class=\"a-text-italic\">Mediterranean Lifestyle For Dummies</span></em> and <em><span class=\"a-text-italic\">Italian Recipes For Dummies</span></em>. <strong><b data-author-id=\"35273\">Dr. Simon Poole</b></strong> is a doctor, author, speaker, and consultant. He treats patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes from the time of diagnosis onward and is an authority on the Mediterranean diet.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":9008,"name":"Alan L. Rubin","slug":"alan-l-rubin","description":" <p><b>Alan Rubin, MD,</b> is the author of <i>Diabetes Cookbook For Dummies, Type I Diabetes For Dummies, Prediabetes For Dummies, High Blood Pressure For Dummies, Thyroid For Dummies</i>, and <i>Vitamin D For Dummies</i>. He is a professional member of the Endocrine Society and American Diabetes Association.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9008"}},{"authorId":34601,"name":"Amy Riolo","slug":"amy-riolo","description":"<strong><span class=\"a-text-bold\">Amy Riolo</span></strong> is an award-winning author and chef. She’s also the author of <em><span class=\"a-text-italic\">Mediterranean Lifestyle For Dummies</span></em> and <em><span class=\"a-text-italic\">Italian Recipes For Dummies</span></em>.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/34601"}},{"authorId":35273,"name":"Dr. Simon Poole","slug":"dr-simon-poole","description":"<strong>Dr. Simon Poole</strong> is a doctor, author, speaker, and consultant. He treats patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes from the time of diagnosis onward and is an authority on the Mediterranean diet.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/35273"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;diabetes&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119912583&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-643eb0af1192c\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;diabetes&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119912583&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-643eb0af12491\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":175136,"title":"Screening Guidelines for Diabetes","slug":"screening-guidelines-for-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175136"}},{"articleId":175135,"title":"10 Rules for Diabetes Control","slug":"10-rules-for-diabetes-control","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175135"}},{"articleId":175130,"title":"Standards for Continuing Your Diabetes Care","slug":"standards-for-continuing-your-diabetes-care","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175130"}},{"articleId":175137,"title":"Oral Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes","slug":"oral-drugs-for-type-2-diabetes","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","diabetes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/175137"}}],"content":[{"title":"Screening guidelines for diabetes","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>The <a href=\"https://diabetes.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Diabetes Association</a> created guidelines to screen for diabetes at the earliest possible appropriate time. Take a look at these guidelines to find out when to get tested for diabetes:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>People with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss should be tested immediately.</li>\n<li>People older than age 45 should be tested every three years if normal.</li>\n<li>People should be tested at a younger age and more often if\n<ul>\n<li>They are obese</li>\n<li>They have a parent or sibling with diabetes</li>\n<li>They are from a high-risk group, such as African American, Latino, Asian, or Native American</li>\n<li>They have delivered a baby more than 9 pounds or had gestational diabetes</li>\n<li>They have high blood pressure</li>\n<li>They have low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"10 rules for diabetes control","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Diabetes doesn’t have to rule your life. Be proactive! Follow these guidelines for controlling your diabetes, and your problems should be few and far between:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A positive attitude:</strong> View diabetes as an opportunity to make healthier choices; a positive attitude results in better control of your blood sugar.</li>\n<li><strong>Proper nutrition:</strong> Work with a dietitian to develop a great eating plan.</li>\n<li><strong>Enthusiastic exercising:</strong> Burn off calories and help your heart.</li>\n<li><strong>Preventive planning:</strong> Practice meal planning at home and review the menu before you go out to eat.</li>\n<li><strong>Major monitoring:</strong> Monitor your blood sugar before and after exercising and meals.</li>\n<li><strong>Tenacious testing:</strong> Check your blood glucose at correct intervals and have your doctors regularly screen you for complications.</li>\n<li><strong>Lifelong learning:</strong> New things are being discovered and you need to know about them.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Standards for continuing your diabetes care","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Managing diabetes requires regular doctor visits that include standard monitoring of various diabetic factors. Following, are guidelines for your diabetes care — like when to see your doctor, what should happen at each visit, when to have lab tests done, and how often to self-monitor blood glucose.</p>\n<p class=\"Remember\">Consistent diabetes management is key; if test results show any change from your history, then you and your doctor can address them before any problem worsens.</p>\n<p><strong>Frequency of visits:</strong></p>\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Daily if starting insulin</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Weekly if starting oral drugs</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Monthly if not stable</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Quarterly if stable</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>History at each visit:</strong></p>\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Frequency of hypoglycemia</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Results of blood glucose self-monitoring</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Changes in treatment</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Symptoms of complications</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Psychosocial issues</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">New medications</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>Physical at each visit:</strong></p>\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Blood pressure</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Weight</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Foot exam</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>Physical at least annually or every two years if eyes are stable:</strong></p>\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Dilated eye exam by eye doctor</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Filament test for foot sensation</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>Lab tests:</strong></p>\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Hemoglobin A1c every three months</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Fasting lipid profile yearly</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Microalbumin measurement yearly if urine protein negative</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p><strong>Frequency o</strong><strong>f blood glucose self-monitoring:</strong></p>\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Before meals and bedtime for person with type 1 diabetes</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Before breakfast and supper for person with type 2 diabetes</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Once daily for person with stable diabetes</p>\n</li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"first-para\">Before and one hour after meals for pregnant woman with type 1 diabetes or gestational diabetes</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Oral drugs for Type 2 diabetes","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Insulin shots aren’t the only drug treatment for diabetes. Oral medications are the first line of treatment if diet and lifestyle strategies aren’t enough to control your HbA1c, with insulin reserved for those who don’t respond sufficiently to tablets.</p>\n<p>The following describes the most commonly prescribed groups of medications for treating diabetes. Remember, there may be several drugs in each class, with different brand names that vary between countries.</p>\n<h3>Metformin</h3>\n<p>Often the first line medication, with low risk of hypoglycemia side effects</p>\n<h3>Sulfonylureas</h3>\n<p>Powerful medications that reduce blood sugar very effectively and can be associated with hypoglycemia</p>\n<h3>SGLT2 inhibitors or <em>flozins</em></h3>\n<p>A newer group of drugs that are less likely to cause hypoglycemia and are particularly useful to add protection for people who are at increased risk of heart disease or heart failure.</p>\n<h3>Thiazolidineones or <em>glitazones</em></h3>\n<p>The first group of medications that act by reducing insulin resistance. The first example of this class of drugs has been the subject of controversy about possible associations with serious side effects.</p>\n<h3>DPP-4 inhibitors or <em>gliptins</em></h3>\n<p>A group of drugs that work by effecting hormones that are produced when you eat. This class of medications is becoming more popular to gain better control of glucose metabolism.</p>\n<h3>Meglitinides</h3>\n<p>These medications encourage the pancreas to produce more insulin. They’re increasingly used in combination with other medications</p>\n"},{"title":"Navigating the U.S. health care system","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Here we explore some of the issues that specifically relate to the U.S health care system.</p>\n<p>In the United States, you can get insurance for your medical care several ways. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (also known as ACA, PPACA, or Obamacare) has made it possible for many people who didn’t have health insurance to have some coverage. The following sections explain how the ACA  works with private insurance, Medicare, and Medicaid.</p>\n<p class=\"article-tips tip\">For more information on the Affordable Care Act and its provisions in your state, visit the <a href=\"https://obamacarefacts.com/obamacare-facts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Obamacare Facts website</a>.</p>\n<h3>Employer insurance</h3>\n<p>Half of the U.S. population has insurance through its employer. Any employer with 50 or more employees must provide health insurance under ACA .</p>\n<p>Employers with fewer than 50 employees have marketplaces set up by the government where they can buy less expensive insurance and may get tax breaks if they do. These marketplaces can’t charge more if the employee is sick or for a preexisting condition.</p>\n<h3>Government insurance</h3>\n<p>A third of the U.S. population has government insurance. Under the ACA, Medicare (elderly) insurance is similar to what it was before the act, but Medicaid has expanded to cover more poor people. However, the governor of each state must decide whether to allow Medicaid expansion in that state.</p>\n<p>In states that agree to expand Medicaid, the government covers most of the costs. In those that don’t, no more poor people are covered than before.</p>\n<h3>Private insurance</h3>\n<p>A tenth of the population (30 million people) buys insurance. Currently, there are two major forms of payment for medical care — fee-for-service and capitated payment — with a lot of hybrids in between.</p>\n<p>The old <em>fee-for-service</em> method pays the medical provider — whether a physician, a lab, or a hospital — based on the number of services provided. More services and procedures mean more profit for the provider. So, the incentive is to do more to make more money (not that providers would ever do more than is necessary for the money).</p>\n<p>The other main method of reimbursement is <em>capitation</em>. Here, the provider gets a fixed amount of money for each patient. The risk is divided among many patients so that if one costs more, ideally another will cost less.</p>\n<p>This system is the basis of the health maintenance organization (HMO), which hires physicians to provide the care. HMOs look to enroll people who cost as little as possible for their medical care.</p>\n<p>Because they seem to end up costing less money overall, capitation plans are growing while fee-for-service plans are declining. The government is even encouraging HMOs to enroll Medicare recipients to reduce costs.</p>\n<p>At the same time, the government requires HMOs to enroll people who cost more, like most people with diabetes.</p>\n<p>Each state has a health insurance marketplace where insurance companies compete for your business by offering plans with more or less coverage that vary in cost from expensive to cheap.</p>\n<p>These plans can’t charge more for people who are sick or have preexisting conditions. The federal government gives tax credits to those individuals with incomes below a certain level.</p>\n<p>Regardless of cost, all plans cover doctor visits, hospital visits, maternity visits, and mental health visits. Children can remain on their parents’ plan until age 26 and can buy low-cost catastrophic coverage until age 30.</p>\n<p class=\"article-tips tip\">If you don’t know what your state marketplace is, start with <a href=\"https://www.healthcare.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthcare.gov</a>.</p>\n<p>As a health care consumer, you want to look for a large group containing many patients because such a group can spread out your extra expenses among many people who don’t consume as much medical care. Before you sign up, ask several questions:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>What is your total annual cost, and how often is a payment required?</li>\n<li>Will you have a <em>deductible</em><em>,</em> meaning that you have to pay the first so-many dollars before the insurance starts paying?</li>\n<li>Will you have a <em>copayment</em><em>,</em> meaning that every time you use a provider, you have to pay some dollars?</li>\n<li>Does your plan pay for durable medical equipment, like an insulin pump (see Chapter 11), which can be very expensive? (You want to ask this even if, when you sign up, you may not foresee a need for it.)</li>\n<li>Will your plan pay for your diabetes medication and diabetes supplies, and to what extent?</li>\n<li>Can your physician order any medications you need, or are they restricted to certain medications?</li>\n<li>How often will you need to travel to the pharmacy to pick up medications? (Some plans make you go back every 30 days.)</li>\n<li>Are you covered for specialists, particularly eye doctors and foot doctors?</li>\n<li>Are you limited to certain hospitals, certain physicians, and certain laboratories? (If so, this restriction may be inconvenient for you, not to mention possibly requiring you to change from a physician with whom you’re very comfortable.)</li>\n<li>Is home health care included in the plan, and to what extent?</li>\n</ul>\n<p class=\"article-tips remember\">After you sign up for a plan, you need to be vigilant to be sure you’re getting what you paid for. You and your physician may need to make many phone calls to get what you need, but if you persist, you can often come away with a “Yes.” The insurance company may provide goods and services that are excluded in your original contract if you’re persistent.</p>\n<h3>Supplemental insurance and brokers</h3>\n<p>Many Americans, especially elderly ones or those with chronic health concerns, invest in supplemental insurance care. Medicare Supplement Insurance (Medigap), for example, helps fill “gaps” in original Medicare coverage and is sold by private companies.</p>\n<p>For more info, visit the <a href=\"https://www.medicare.gov/supplements-other-insurance/whats-medicare-supplement-insurance-medigap\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Medicare supplement insurance web page</a>. You can also ask your doctor or contact your state for specific additional programs in your area that would best meet your needs.</p>\n<p>State-run Department of Aging or Office of the Aging services are free to qualifying residents. Many offer the services of insurance brokers who can help you get the best coverage possible within your budget.</p>\n<h3>No insurance</h3>\n<p>Another significant amount  of the U.S. population doesn’t have any insurance, even under ACA (PPACA), which mandates a fine if you have no insurance, but the government waves the fine if you absolutely can’t afford to buy insurance.</p>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-04-17T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":208280},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-26T22:47:41+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-04-17T19:04:22+00:00","timestamp":"2023-04-17T21:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34140"},"slug":"addiction","categoryId":34140},{"name":"General Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"},"slug":"general-addiction","categoryId":34142}],"title":"Effects of Psychedelics and Hallucinogens","strippedTitle":"effects of psychedelics and hallucinogens","slug":"examining-the-effects-of-psychedelics-and-hallucinogens","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Direct from the Age of Aquarius, with a history going back thousands of years, hallucinogens take people on far-ranging trips inside their own minds. Hallucinog","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Direct from the Age of Aquarius, with a history going back thousands of years, hallucinogens take people on far-ranging trips inside their own minds. Hallucinogens (also called psychedelics) cause your brain to generate experiences that are profound distortions of reality.\r\n<p class=\"TechnicalStuff\">We have five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, touching, and smelling. Hallucinogens distort these senses, and particularly change your impressions of time and space. Hallucinogens specifically disrupt the neurotransmitter serotonin and interfere with the way your neural cells interact. Serotonin can be found in many places in the central nervous system (your brain and spinal cord) and assists in the functions controlling mood, hunger, body temperature, sexual behavior, muscle control, and sensory perception.</p>\r\nThe trips caused by hallucinogens can last for as long as 6 to 12 hours. Some trips are good, some are bad. A good trip is dependent on your mindset when you take the drug. Your reaction may differ from time to time, even though you take the same amount of a drug. A <i>good trip</i> often involves visual hallucinations (seeing things that aren't really there or that are distorted). These images may be seen as funny or inspiring, or just odd. Colors may be especially intense and intriguing patterns may emerge on surfaces, like tables or ceilings. Distortions of objects, faces, and other body parts may be experienced. A heightened sexual drive — an aphrodisiac effect — has also been reported.\r\n\r\nA bad trip on the other hand, may be set off by similar doses of drug that in the past provided a good trip. A <i>bad trip</i> is a frightening experience with surging anxiety and fears of being out of control and vulnerable. Terrifying images and hallucinations have been reported. At different times, under controlled conditions, hallucinogens have been used in experimental forms of psychotherapy, because they seem to bring underlying conflicts to the surface. The bad trips may be linked to these conflicts surfacing, especially when they take symbolic forms and distort reality (these distorted thoughts and images are like a very bad nightmare).\r\n\r\nSome hallucinogens come from plants but most are synthesized and manufactured. Mescaline comes from the cactus plant called peyote. Psilocybin comes from certain mushrooms often referred to as <i>magic mushrooms</i> or <i>shrooms</i> (for short). LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide, also known as <i>acid</i>) and a dissociative anaesthetic, PCP, (phencyclidine or <i>angel dust</i>) are widely available synthetic hallucinogens.\r\n\r\nTaking LSD may make you feel several emotions simultaneously and may merge senses so that you see sounds and hear colors. LSD itself, is a clear or white, odorless, water-soluble material synthesized from lysergic acid, a compound rye fungus.\r\n\r\nThe potential of LSD for abuse is fairly high because the experiences are exciting to some people and they want to re-experience their excitement until, of course, they have a bad trip. If you value self-control, it's unlikely that you'll want to gamble in this way about having a good versus a bad trip.\r\n<p class=\"Warning\">If you use LSD, you may experience <i>flashbacks </i>— a repetition of earlier LSD experiences. A flashback often has an unsettling effect, because it is something that is frequently beyond your control. Flashbacks can occur later in your life and seem to be set off by past associations. People with post-traumatic stress have reported similar experiences as they relive their trauma. In a flashback you have to redirect your attention to the present and get out of your head. Flashbacks are a significant concern if they occur when you're driving or in other situations where distractions can result in elevated risks.</p>","description":"Direct from the Age of Aquarius, with a history going back thousands of years, hallucinogens take people on far-ranging trips inside their own minds. Hallucinogens (also called psychedelics) cause your brain to generate experiences that are profound distortions of reality.\r\n<p class=\"TechnicalStuff\">We have five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, touching, and smelling. Hallucinogens distort these senses, and particularly change your impressions of time and space. Hallucinogens specifically disrupt the neurotransmitter serotonin and interfere with the way your neural cells interact. Serotonin can be found in many places in the central nervous system (your brain and spinal cord) and assists in the functions controlling mood, hunger, body temperature, sexual behavior, muscle control, and sensory perception.</p>\r\nThe trips caused by hallucinogens can last for as long as 6 to 12 hours. Some trips are good, some are bad. A good trip is dependent on your mindset when you take the drug. Your reaction may differ from time to time, even though you take the same amount of a drug. A <i>good trip</i> often involves visual hallucinations (seeing things that aren't really there or that are distorted). These images may be seen as funny or inspiring, or just odd. Colors may be especially intense and intriguing patterns may emerge on surfaces, like tables or ceilings. Distortions of objects, faces, and other body parts may be experienced. A heightened sexual drive — an aphrodisiac effect — has also been reported.\r\n\r\nA bad trip on the other hand, may be set off by similar doses of drug that in the past provided a good trip. A <i>bad trip</i> is a frightening experience with surging anxiety and fears of being out of control and vulnerable. Terrifying images and hallucinations have been reported. At different times, under controlled conditions, hallucinogens have been used in experimental forms of psychotherapy, because they seem to bring underlying conflicts to the surface. The bad trips may be linked to these conflicts surfacing, especially when they take symbolic forms and distort reality (these distorted thoughts and images are like a very bad nightmare).\r\n\r\nSome hallucinogens come from plants but most are synthesized and manufactured. Mescaline comes from the cactus plant called peyote. Psilocybin comes from certain mushrooms often referred to as <i>magic mushrooms</i> or <i>shrooms</i> (for short). LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide, also known as <i>acid</i>) and a dissociative anaesthetic, PCP, (phencyclidine or <i>angel dust</i>) are widely available synthetic hallucinogens.\r\n\r\nTaking LSD may make you feel several emotions simultaneously and may merge senses so that you see sounds and hear colors. LSD itself, is a clear or white, odorless, water-soluble material synthesized from lysergic acid, a compound rye fungus.\r\n\r\nThe potential of LSD for abuse is fairly high because the experiences are exciting to some people and they want to re-experience their excitement until, of course, they have a bad trip. If you value self-control, it's unlikely that you'll want to gamble in this way about having a good versus a bad trip.\r\n<p class=\"Warning\">If you use LSD, you may experience <i>flashbacks </i>— a repetition of earlier LSD experiences. A flashback often has an unsettling effect, because it is something that is frequently beyond your control. Flashbacks can occur later in your life and seem to be set off by past associations. People with post-traumatic stress have reported similar experiences as they relive their trauma. In a flashback you have to redirect your attention to the present and get out of your head. Flashbacks are a significant concern if they occur when you're driving or in other situations where distractions can result in elevated risks.</p>","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":10561,"name":"Brian F. Shaw","slug":"brian-f-shaw","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10561"}},{"authorId":10562,"name":"Paul Ritvo","slug":"paul-ritvo","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10562"}},{"authorId":10563,"name":"Jane Irvine","slug":"jane-irvine","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10563"}},{"authorId":10564,"name":"M. David Lewis","slug":"m-david-lewis","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10564"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34142,"title":"General Addiction","slug":"general-addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":209422,"title":"Addiction and Recovery For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/209422"}},{"articleId":201643,"title":"Taking a Look at the Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling","slug":"taking-a-look-at-the-three-phases-of-compulsive-gambling","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/201643"}},{"articleId":200634,"title":"Considering the Cost of Addiction to Families","slug":"considering-the-cost-of-addiction-to-families","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200634"}},{"articleId":199936,"title":"Interventions: Breaking through Denial and Fear","slug":"interventions-breaking-through-denial-and-fear","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/199936"}},{"articleId":195447,"title":"How to Recognize Addiction in Yourself","slug":"how-to-recognize-addiction-in-yourself","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/195447"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":297561,"title":"Overcoming Internet Addiction For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"overcoming-internet-addiction-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/297561"}},{"articleId":209422,"title":"Addiction and Recovery For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/209422"}},{"articleId":201643,"title":"Taking a Look at the Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling","slug":"taking-a-look-at-the-three-phases-of-compulsive-gambling","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/201643"}},{"articleId":200634,"title":"Considering the Cost of Addiction to Families","slug":"considering-the-cost-of-addiction-to-families","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200634"}},{"articleId":199936,"title":"Interventions: Breaking through Denial and Fear","slug":"interventions-breaking-through-denial-and-fear","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/199936"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":281931,"slug":"addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies","isbn":"9780764576256","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0764576259/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/0764576259/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/0764576259-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0764576259/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/0764576259/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies-cover-9780764576256-169x255.jpg","width":169,"height":255},"title":"Addiction and Recovery For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":false,"authorsInfo":"<p><b data-author-id=\"10562\">Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b data-author-id=\"10563\">Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years' experience in private consulting. </p>","authors":[{"authorId":10562,"name":"Paul Ritvo","slug":"paul-ritvo","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10562"}},{"authorId":10563,"name":"Jane Irvine","slug":"jane-irvine","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10563"}},{"authorId":10564,"name":"M. David Lewis","slug":"m-david-lewis","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10564"}},{"authorId":10561,"name":"Brian F. Shaw","slug":"brian-f-shaw","description":" <p><b>Brian F. Shaw, PhD, Paul Ritvo, PhD,</b> and <b>Jane Irvine, DPhil,</b> are all university professors with more than 20 years&#39; experience in private consulting. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10561"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9780764576256&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-643db38f5d6c7\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9780764576256&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-643db38f5e274\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Articles","articleList":null,"content":null,"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Explore","lifeExpectancy":"One year","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-04-17T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":200160},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2023-03-10T16:39:12+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-03-13T16:06:35+00:00","timestamp":"2023-03-13T18:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139}],"title":"Epidemiology For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"epidemiology for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"epidemiology-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"This Cheat Sheet summarizes the different types of epidemiologic studies, types of bioterrorist agents, and fruits for preventative health.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"This Cheat Sheet simplifies a few topics that you may encounter in your epidemiology coursework. For example, epidemiologic study design is important for conducting research.\r\n\r\nFurthermore, when working in public health, you want to help people prevent disease, and educating the populations you serve about making healthy food choices is a great way to do so.","description":"This Cheat Sheet simplifies a few topics that you may encounter in your epidemiology coursework. For example, epidemiologic study design is important for conducting research.\r\n\r\nFurthermore, when working in public health, you want to help people prevent disease, and educating the populations you serve about making healthy food choices is a great way to do so.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":35261,"name":"Amal K. Mitra","slug":"amal-k-mitra","description":"Amal K. Mitra, MD, DrPH, is an internationally recognized scientist and public health leader with more than 25 years of experience in higher education and health research. He is a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at Jackson State University in Mississippi.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/35261"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34139,"title":"Diseases","slug":"diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[],"fromCategory":[]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":297626,"slug":"epidemiology-for-dummies","isbn":"9781394170708","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/139417070X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/139417070X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/139417070X-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/139417070X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/139417070X/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/epidemiology-for-dummies-cover-139417070X-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Epidemiology For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><b data-author-id=\"35261\">Amal K. Mitra</b>, MD, DrPH, is an internationally recognized scientist and public health leader with more than 25 years of experience in higher education and health research. He is a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at Jackson State University in Mississippi.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":35261,"name":"Amal K. Mitra","slug":"amal-k-mitra","description":"Amal K. Mitra, MD, DrPH, is an internationally recognized scientist and public health leader with more than 25 years of experience in higher education and health research. He is a professor of epidemiology and biostatistics at Jackson State University in Mississippi.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/35261"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781394170708&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-640f64df0b982\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781394170708&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-640f64df0c24d\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":0,"title":"","slug":null,"categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/"}}],"content":[{"title":"Epidemiologic study types","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Here are some tips to help you choose an epidemiologic study design based on your research topic and available resources. The following lists epidemiological study types and the situations for which they&#8217;re best suited.</p>\n<h3><strong>Ecological study </strong></h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You want to compare multiple country data</li>\n<li>It&#8217;s difficult or impossible to gather individual-level data</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Cross-sectional study</strong></h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You want to conduct a prevalence study.</li>\n<li>You want to conduct a population survey.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Case-control study</strong></h3>\n<ul>\n<li>The disease is rare.</li>\n<li>You want to study the cause of death.</li>\n<li>You want to identify risk factors.</li>\n<li>You want to conduct a study in a short time with a limited budget.</li>\n<li>You have access to patients’ past records.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Cohort study</strong></h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You have a large group of people who can be followed over time.</li>\n<li>Attrition rate is minimum because the study population in the cohort wouldn’t move often.</li>\n<li>You have good amount of resources in terms of funds and time.</li>\n<li>You want to control confounding variable and biases more efficiently so that the results are more reliable.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Experimental study</strong></h3>\n<ul>\n<li>You want to evaluate the effect of a treatment or other intervention.</li>\n<li>You have comparison groups.</li>\n<li>You want to proof a hypothesis that isn’t otherwise possible to study.</li>\n<li>You expect accurate results from a controlled study.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Clinical trials</strong></h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Drug trial: To study the efficacy and safety of a new drug</li>\n<li>Hospital-based interventions</li>\n<li>Community-based interventions</li>\n<li>Blinded, controlled studies</li>\n<li>Control for confounders</li>\n<li>Control biases</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Promoting fruits as a public health preventative measure","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Fruits are natural sources of healthy food — they’re low calorie and low sodium with a negligible amount of fat. With more than 2,000 varieties of fruits, you may wonder which fruits are better than others.</p>\n<p>When working in public health, one of your roles may be in educating the public about eating foods that are good for them. The following fruits are delicious and healthy:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Apples:</strong> They come with many nutrients, including soluble and insoluble fibers, such as pectin, hemicellulose, and cellulose; vitamin C; and plant polyphenols, which fight against diseases. Most polyphenols are just beneath the skin. Apples protect people from diseases like heart disease, diabetes, cancer, stroke, obesity, and neurological disorders.</li>\n<li><strong>Avocados:</strong> They’re high in healthy fats and low in natural sugars. The vitamin and mineral contents of avocados include vitamin C, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin E, vitamin K, and potassium. They’re also good source of fibers. Two carotenoids known as lutein and zeaxanthin help eye health. Avocados contain monounsaturated fat that improves a person’s good cholesterol (HDL) and decreases triglycerides, without raising the bad cholesterol (LDL).</li>\n<li><strong>Bananas:</strong> They’re an excellent source of potassium — 7 percent of the daily value (DV)); vitamin C — 12 percent of the DV; vitamin B6 — 27 percent of the DV; and magnesium — 8 percent of the DV. Bananas contain about 60 to 80 percent of their carbohydrates as indigestible carbohydrates, which contain prebiotic properties. Prebiotics help in the formation of probiotic bacteria found in yogurt. Green, unripe bananas are a good source of the dietary fiber pectin.</li>\n<li><strong>Blueberries:</strong> They’re high in flavonoids that give blueberries their characteristic blue-purple color. This compound helps fight cell-damaging free radicals that can lead to disease.</li>\n<li><strong>Cherries: </strong>Cherries are rich in fiber, potassium, and antioxidant plant compounds, such as anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamates, which help protect the body from oxidative stress. They’re a good source of serotonin, tryptophan, and melatonin, which support good mood and sleep.</li>\n<li><strong>Dragon fruit:</strong> Dragon fruit is a good source of fiber, iron, magnesium, and vitamins C and E. It’s also an excellent source of carotenoids, such as lycopene and beta-carotene.</li>\n<li><strong>Mangoes:</strong> They’re an excellent source of potassium, folate, fiber, and vitamins A, C, B6, E, and K. Mangoes are high in mangiferin, a potent antioxidant. They’re rich in numerous plant polyphenols that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</li>\n<li><strong>Oranges:</strong> They can provide 91 percent of the DV for vitamin C. They’re also high in potassium, folate, thiamine (vitamin B1), fiber, and plant polyphenols.</li>\n<li><strong>Pineapples:</strong> One cup (165 grams) of pineapple provides 88 percent of the DV for vitamin C and 73 percent of the DV for manganese. Magnesium helps in controlling blood sugar, and it also acts as an antioxidant. Pineapples contain a number of polyphenolic compounds that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.</li>\n<li><strong>Strawberries:</strong> They’re delicious and highly nutritious, a good source of vitamin C, folate and magnesium. They’re full of plant polyphenols that act as antioxidants, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, and tannins. They’re high in anthocyanins, ellagitannins, and proanthocyanidins, which reduce the risk of chronic diseases.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Types of bioterrorist agents","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Traditionally, the purpose of surveillance was to prevent epidemics and the spread of selected diseases, to respond to disasters and assisting communities in recovery, to protect against environmental hazards, and to evaluate an intervention.</p>\n<p>Many public health emergencies are readily apparent, but other threats may not be visible until they affect a large number of people’s lives.</p>\n<p>The threat to human lives changed dramatically after the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and bioterrorism events spreading through the U.S. postal system thereafter.</p>\n<p>Being prepared and planning against impending bioterrorist threats is important. Therefore, the scope of surveillance has expanded to a type called <em>event-based surveillance.</em> It involves the use of reports, stories, rumors, and other information needed to identify events that pose a potential threat to public health.</p>\n<p>Preparedness and planning can’t eliminate any biological (viruses, bacteria, or their toxins) agents, chemical compounds, and radiation materials that can cause casualty threats. However, preparedness and planning will help you identify risk factors or events, track disease trends, determine action items, and target interventions.</p>\n<p>The agents mentioned here can be released by way of the air (aerosols), food, water, insects, or direct contacts. Biological agents with bioterrorism potential are divided in to the three following categories.</p>\n<h3><strong>Category A agents</strong></h3>\n<p>These organisms pose a risk to national security. They transmit quickly, easily affecting a large group of people and killing many people. The diseases caused by these agents are as follows:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Anthrax caused by <em>Bacillus anthracis</em></li>\n<li>Botulism caused by <em>Clostridium botulinum</em></li>\n<li>Plague caused by <em>Yersinia pestis</em></li>\n<li>Smallpox caused by <em>variola major</em></li>\n<li>Tularemia caused by <em>Francisella tularensis</em></li>\n<li>Viral hemorrhagic fever caused by filoviruses (for example Ebola) and arenaviruses (for example Lassa fever)</li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Category B agents</strong></h3>\n<p>These are the second highest priority organisms. They’re also transmitted from one person to another but not as readily as Category A agents.</p>\n<p>Due to the moderate rate of morbidity and mortality, the surveillance program for these agents requires the specific enhancement of CDC’s diagnostic capacity. Here are the selected diseases/agents in this category:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Brucellosis caused by <em>Brucella</em> species</li>\n<li>Epsilon toxin of <em>Clostridium perfringens</em></li>\n<li>Food safety threats due to Salmonella species, E. coli 0157:H7, Shigella species</li>\n<li>Psittacosis caused by <em>Chlamydia psittaci</em></li>\n<li>Q fever caused by <em>Coxiella burnetii</em></li>\n<li>Ricin toxin from castor beans</li>\n<li>Staphylococcal <em>enterotoxin B</em></li>\n<li>Typhus fever caused by <em>Rickettsia prowazakii</em></li>\n<li>Viral encephalitis caused by <em>alphaviruses</em></li>\n<li>Water safety threats caused by <em>Vibrio cholerae</em>, <em>Cryptosporidium</em></li>\n</ul>\n<h3><strong>Category C agents</strong></h3>\n<p>These agents can be engineered for mass dissemination. They include emerging infectious diseases caused by <em>Nipah</em> virus or <em>hantavirus</em>. Chemical agents with bioterrorism potential include the following:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Biotoxins:</strong> Abrin, brevetoxin, colchicine, digitalis, nicotine, ricin, tetrodotoxin, and others</li>\n<li><strong>Blister agents:</strong> Applied through eyes, respiratory tract, and skin; include distilled mustard, mustard gas, nitrogen mustard, phosgene oxime, and others</li>\n<li><strong>Blood agents:</strong> Arsenic, carbon monoxide, cyanogen chloride, hydrogen cyanide, potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide, and sodium monofluoroacetate.</li>\n<li><strong>Choking agents:</strong> Ammonia, bromide, chlorine, hydrogen chloride, methyl bromide, methyl isocyanate, phosgene, sulfuryl fluoride, and others</li>\n<li><strong>Long-acting anticoagulants:</strong> Super warfarin</li>\n<li><strong>Metals:</strong> Arsenic, mercury, and thallium</li>\n<li><strong>Nerve agents:</strong> Sarin, soman, tabun, and others</li>\n<li><strong>Tear gas</strong></li>\n<li><strong>Toxic alcohols:</strong> Can damage a person’s heart, kidneys, and nervous system</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Bioterrorism threats represent a special challenge for public health. The prevention against bioterrorism require a coordinated effort that include people from many areas, such as criminal justice, military, and intelligence agencies.</p>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"Two years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-03-10T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":297775},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2023-02-28T19:23:47+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-02-28T19:23:47+00:00","timestamp":"2023-02-28T21:01:20+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34140"},"slug":"addiction","categoryId":34140},{"name":"General Addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"},"slug":"general-addiction","categoryId":34142}],"title":"Overcoming Internet Addiction For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"overcoming internet addiction for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"overcoming-internet-addiction-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Learn how to recognize the signs of Internet addiction in yourself or a loved one. Also, learn why the Internet can be addictive.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Internet addiction involves excessive, and at times compulsive, overuse of Internet screen devices. Typically, some types of content are potentially more addictive, including social media, pornography, video games, binge TV watching, shopping, and gambling.\r\n\r\nThe Internet delivers desirable content unpredictably, and the reward center of the brain loves the unpredictable experience of <em>maybe.</em> Addiction is about <em>maybe</em> finding the pleasure you once experienced, and you thinking that <em>maybe </em>it will be fun again.\r\n\r\nThis is the neurobiological chase for the previous pleasurable dopamine hit.","description":"Internet addiction involves excessive, and at times compulsive, overuse of Internet screen devices. Typically, some types of content are potentially more addictive, including social media, pornography, video games, binge TV watching, shopping, and gambling.\r\n\r\nThe Internet delivers desirable content unpredictably, and the reward center of the brain loves the unpredictable experience of <em>maybe.</em> Addiction is about <em>maybe</em> finding the pleasure you once experienced, and you thinking that <em>maybe </em>it will be fun again.\r\n\r\nThis is the neurobiological chase for the previous pleasurable dopamine hit.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":34964,"name":"David N. Greenfield","slug":"david-n-greenfield","description":" <p><b>David N. Greenfield, PhD, MS,</b> is the Founder and Clinical Director of The Center for Internet and Technology Addiction and former Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine, and Consulting Medical Director at Lifeskills South Florida. He is a leading authority on behavioral and process addiction, Internet and screen behavior, and the treatment of Internet and video game addiction, and is author of <i>Virtual Addiction</i>.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/34964"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34142,"title":"General Addiction","slug":"general-addiction","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34142"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":209422,"title":"Addiction and Recovery For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"addiction-and-recovery-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/209422"}},{"articleId":201643,"title":"Taking a Look at the Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling","slug":"taking-a-look-at-the-three-phases-of-compulsive-gambling","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/201643"}},{"articleId":200634,"title":"Considering the Cost of Addiction to Families","slug":"considering-the-cost-of-addiction-to-families","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200634"}},{"articleId":200160,"title":"Examining the Effects of Psychedelics and Hallucinogens","slug":"examining-the-effects-of-psychedelics-and-hallucinogens","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/200160"}},{"articleId":199936,"title":"Interventions: Breaking through Denial and Fear","slug":"interventions-breaking-through-denial-and-fear","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/199936"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":287508,"slug":"overcoming-internet-addiction-for-dummies","isbn":"9781119711872","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","addiction","general-addiction"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119711878/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119711878/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119711878-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119711878/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119711878/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/overcoming-internet-addiction-for-dummies-cover-9781119711872-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Overcoming Internet Addiction For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><b><b data-author-id=\"34964\">David N. Greenfield</b>, PhD, MS,</b> is the Founder and Clinical Director of The Center for Internet and Technology Addiction and former Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine, and Consulting Medical Director at Lifeskills South Florida. He is a leading authority on behavioral and process addiction, Internet and screen behavior, and the treatment of Internet and video game addiction, and is author of <i>Virtual Addiction</i>.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":34964,"name":"David N. Greenfield","slug":"david-n-greenfield","description":" <p><b>David N. Greenfield, PhD, MS,</b> is the Founder and Clinical Director of The Center for Internet and Technology Addiction and former Assistant Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine, and Consulting Medical Director at Lifeskills South Florida. He is a leading authority on behavioral and process addiction, Internet and screen behavior, and the treatment of Internet and video game addiction, and is author of <i>Virtual Addiction</i>.</p> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/34964"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119711872&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-63fe6ba09064a\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;addiction&quot;,&quot;general-addiction&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119711872&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-63fe6ba09166a\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":0,"title":"","slug":null,"categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/"}}],"content":[{"title":"Internet addiction basics","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>What is addiction? Addiction is a pattern in which substances or behaviors (like Internet use) are consumed in an excessive or compulsive manner, which then creates changes in mood, thinking, judgment, motivation, physical health, productivity, and psychological well-being.</p>\n<p>Often, psychiatric symptoms and disorders co-occur with or from an addiction. Addiction or overuse involves the whole person, often presenting with aspects of both tolerance (with the Internet, this means needing more stimulating or intoxicating digital content or time online) and withdrawal (which often involves some level of physical or psychological discomfort when the behavior is discontinued).</p>\n<p>Negative consequences almost always occur with Internet and tech addiction. Sometimes these impacts are mild and may simply be related to excessive time spent and the imbalances this activity creates, while at other times, the dysfunction and life disruption can be substantial.</p>\n"},{"title":"Breaking down why the Internet is addictive","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>The Internet has many unique qualities that make it addictive:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Broadcast intoxication</strong>: This is the pleasure of recording and posting your life.</li>\n<li><strong>Productivity illusion:</strong> This is the idea that the Internet makes you more productive when, in fact, most of the time you spend online is not for productive purposes.</li>\n<li><strong>Threshold reduction:</strong> Content is more easily consumed and overused when doing so online.</li>\n<li><strong>Reward deficiency:</strong> When comparing the stimulation of the Internet to real life, real life can feel flat and less interesting by comparison.</li>\n<li><strong>Instant gratification:</strong> This is about getting what you want when you want it, which reduces patience for real life.</li>\n<li><strong>The fun of infotainment:</strong> The Internet makes information fun — where else can you get lost in Wikipedia?</li>\n<li><strong>Perceived anonymity:</strong> The Internet seems like a private place to communicate — although it is anything but private.</li>\n<li><strong>Disinhibition:</strong> This means feeling freer to express yourself when online.</li>\n<li><strong>Losing track of time:</strong> Time is distorted when online — dissociation is often experienced when on the Internet or on screens.</li>\n<li><strong>Content intoxication:</strong> This means the direct delivery of stimulating content via the Internet modality.</li>\n<li> <strong>Synergistic amplification:</strong> The Internet modality itself is addictive and serves as an efficient neurobiological delivery mechanism, in the same way that a hypodermic efficiently delivers a drug to your blood stream. The <em>content</em> is the drug itself, and when you combine a stimulating form of content with the addictive Internet delivery mechanism, you get an amplified, dopamine-innervating experience, which can contribute to continued overuse or addiction.</li>\n<li><strong>Variable ratio reinforcement:</strong> The Internet is the world’s largest slot machine; you never know <em>what</em> you are going to get, <em>when</em> you will get it, and <em>how</em> good it is going to be. This <em>maybe</em> factor is the intermittently rewarding way the Internet operates, which innervates dopamine, and is both <em>extinction resistant</em> and <em>addicting.</em></li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Diagnosing and treating Internet addiction","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Diagnosing Internet and technology addiction is not dissimilar to assessing other types of addictions or mental health problems. Ultimately, it’s about the functional impact the behavior has on major life spheres and daily activities.</p>\n<p>In a sense, if there is no negative life impact, then theoretically, there is no need to change your tech use patterns or to receive treatment.</p>\n<p>Not all Internet and technology addictions need to be diagnosed or treated professionally; many (if not most) people find that some modification of their screen use, or changing habitual patterns of use, can reduce total time spent online, as well as their use of the most problematic content, apps, games, or websites.</p>\n<p>Video game addiction, social media overuse, and pornography addiction are some of the most problematic areas of screen use, but many people just spend way too much time surfing all types of content.</p>\n<p>Diagnosis requires that you examine your relationship with your devices and the <em>types</em> and <em>amount </em>of content you consume. Most importantly, it involves examining your life-tech balance by seeing how much time you’re spending on your screens, and for what purpose. This does not necessarily refer to your use of your devices for work or school or, say, banking; rather, it is about extended, compulsive, and unconscious use (often for many hours per day).</p>\n<p>Prolonged time on the Internet engaging in such activities can result in negative effects on your health and well-being, work or school performance, family and social relationships, sleep, and emotional/psychological functioning.</p>\n<p>Numerous psychiatric symptoms and disorders can co-occur with Internet addiction and may either be the result of, or contribute to, a screen and technology addiction.</p>\n<p>Generalized and social anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, impulse control disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and sleep disorders are some of the most common issues and concerns that appear to co-occur with Internet addiction.</p>\n"},{"title":"Balancing life and Internet use","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>The ultimate cure for Internet and screen overuse and addiction is to change your relationship with these technologies.</p>\n<p>The machines you use will impact you only if you allow them to; often making small changes in how you use your screens can help. These changes may include the following.</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Limit recreational use of the Internet and screens to one to two hours a day.</li>\n<li>Consider developing alternative entertainment and pastime activities that are less screen-based.</li>\n<li>Develop a more conscious and moderate approach to using the Internet and screens. Become aware of how, when, and why you are using your screens, and make some modifications in these patterns. Pay particular attention to how boredom is a frequent trigger for picking up a screen.</li>\n<li>Practice greater amounts of time living without your smartphone. Try to eat meals without it, do not have it in your bedroom at night, and reduce the number of notifications that cause you to constantly check your phone.</li>\n<li>Consider switching your smartphone screen to black and white (gray scale) — your brain may find this less appealing and you may naturally cut down your screen use.</li>\n<li>Use fewer social media less often. Try more real-time living and social relating with friends, family, and acquaintances. Break out of the social validation loop, where you constantly post, read, rate, and comment on other people’s updates and posts. Make a phone call instead of texting or using a social media app.</li>\n<li>Consciously limit screen time that you just cannot seem to control naturally. Consider eliminating certain forms of content completely, such as video gaming, porn, social media, or mindless surfing.It is okay to admit you don’t have control over some of the websites and apps you use, because they are designed to have just that effect — the Internet is neurobiologically built around capturing your time and attention.</li>\n</ul>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-02-28T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":297561},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:49:37+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-01-30T18:58:34+00:00","timestamp":"2023-01-30T21:01:02+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Crohn's & Colitis","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34149"},"slug":"crohns-and-colitis","categoryId":34149}],"title":"Crohn’s and Colitis For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"crohn’s and colitis for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"crohns-colitis-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Though there's some mystery, scientists have discovered clues as to what may cause Crohn’s and colitis. Learn how to keep symptoms at bay.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the two major types of inflammatory bowel disease. They’re part of a group of disorders in which the small and large intestines become inflamed. The exact cause is a mystery, but scientists have discovered some clues as to what may cause Crohn’s and colitis.\r\n\r\nThe symptoms of the diseases can vary in each individual, but some symptoms are more common than others. The good news is, you can take steps to reduce your symptoms and keep them from interfering with your life.","description":"Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the two major types of inflammatory bowel disease. They’re part of a group of disorders in which the small and large intestines become inflamed. The exact cause is a mystery, but scientists have discovered some clues as to what may cause Crohn’s and colitis.\r\n\r\nThe symptoms of the diseases can vary in each individual, but some symptoms are more common than others. The good news is, you can take steps to reduce your symptoms and keep them from interfering with your life.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9752,"name":"Tauseef Ali","slug":"tauseef-ali","description":" <p><b>Tauseef Ali</b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9752"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34149,"title":"Crohn's & Colitis","slug":"crohns-and-colitis","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34149"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":168335,"title":"The Major Causes of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"the-major-causes-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168335"}},{"articleId":168336,"title":"Eight Things That May Worsen Your Crohn’s and Colitis Symptoms","slug":"eight-things-that-may-worsen-your-crohns-and-colitis-symptoms","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168336"}},{"articleId":168337,"title":"Common Symptoms of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"common-symptoms-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168337"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":168335,"title":"The Major Causes of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"the-major-causes-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168335"}},{"articleId":168336,"title":"Eight Things That May Worsen Your Crohn’s and Colitis Symptoms","slug":"eight-things-that-may-worsen-your-crohns-and-colitis-symptoms","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168336"}},{"articleId":168337,"title":"Common Symptoms of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"common-symptoms-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168337"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":282126,"slug":"crohns-and-colitis-for-dummies","isbn":"9781119875772","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119875773-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119875773/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/crohns-and-colitis-for-dummies-2nd-edition-cover-9781119875772-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Crohn's and Colitis For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><b><b data-author-id=\"9752\">Tauseef Ali</b></b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":9752,"name":"Tauseef Ali","slug":"tauseef-ali","description":" <p><b>Tauseef Ali</b>, MD, is an expert in the field of inflammatory bowel disease. Currently, he serves as a faculty member in the Section of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. He is also the director of the OU Physicians Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center. Dr. Ali has served as an academic editor-in-chief of the <i>World Journal of Gastroenterology</i>.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9752"}},{"authorId":9753,"name":"","slug":null,"description":null,"hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9753"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;crohns-and-colitis&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119875772&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-63d8300e91e3f\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;body-mind-spirit&quot;,&quot;physical-health-well-being&quot;,&quot;diseases&quot;,&quot;crohns-and-colitis&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119875772&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-63d8300e9277c\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":168335,"title":"The Major Causes of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"the-major-causes-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168335"}},{"articleId":168337,"title":"Common Symptoms of Crohn’s and Colitis","slug":"common-symptoms-of-crohns-and-colitis","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168337"}},{"articleId":168336,"title":"Eight Things That May Worsen Your Crohn’s and Colitis Symptoms","slug":"eight-things-that-may-worsen-your-crohns-and-colitis-symptoms","categoryList":["body-mind-spirit","physical-health-well-being","diseases","crohns-and-colitis"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/168336"}}],"content":[{"title":"The major causes of Crohn's and colitis","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>The exact cause of Crohn’s and colitis is still a mystery, but scientists have hit on some clues:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>A faulty immune system:</strong> Scientists believe that a fault in the immune system could weaken the body’s defense system and allow bacteria to invade the intestines and cause inflammation. The inflammation lasts longer than it would in a healthy person because the immune system of someone with Crohn’s or colitis can’t flip the inflammation switch to off.</li>\n<li><strong>Environmental factors:</strong> Smoking; a diet high in refined sugars, animal proteins, and fats; certain drugs, such as antibiotics; and stress are thought to alter the population of intestinal bacteria and cause chronic inflammation in the intestines.In addition, because of the improved hygiene conditions in the developed world, children aren’t exposed to as many germs as they used to be 20 years ago. So, the immune system has shifted away from fighting infection to developing autoimmune diseases like Crohn’s and colitis.</li>\n<li><strong>Genetics:</strong> Gene mutations are thought to be unique in Crohn’s and colitis patients and may be the culprit in causing defects in the immune system and other mechanisms, leading to persistent inflammation in the intestines. In addition, if you have a family history of Crohn’s and colitis, you’re more likely to have the disease yourself, especially if your family history includes a first-degree relative, such as a parent, child, or sibling.</li>\n</ul>\n<p class=\"article-tips remember\">All these factors are just <em>potential</em> causes of Crohn’s and colitis. Plenty of people with a genetic mutation or family history never develop the disease themselves, and plenty of people with the disease have no genetic mutation or family history.</p>\n"},{"title":"Common symptoms of Crohn's and colitis","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Crohn’s and colitis are two different diseases, but they share many of the same symptoms. Here’s a list of the common symptoms of Crohn’s and colitis:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Chronic diarrhea:</strong> Diarrhea is the frequent passage of watery or semi-formed stools. Everybody gets diarrhea from time to time, but diarrhea lasting longer than 30 days is a common symptom of Crohn’s and colitis.</li>\n<li><strong>Blood in the stool: </strong>You may notice bright red blood in your stool, or your stool may be black in color, which is a sign of old, clotted blood.</li>\n<li><strong>Abdominal pain:</strong> You may experience abdominal pain anywhere in the abdomen.</li>\n<li><strong>Rectal urgency:</strong> When you have Crohn’s or colitis, you may experience a sudden, compelling need to have a bowel movement. This is known as rectal urgency.</li>\n<li><strong>Tenesmus: </strong>Tenesmus is a constant sensation of fullness and incomplete relief during a bowel movement. You may feel like you need to go to the bathroom, but then you don’t have an actual bowel movement.</li>\n<li><strong>Intolerable abdominal pain:</strong> If you develop intolerable abdominal pain, it may point toward intestinal obstruction, perforation, or severe inflammation. You may also notice other signs like nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension.</li>\n<li><strong>Weight loss:</strong> When you have Crohn’s or colitis and you’re losing weight, inflammation is still active. Most of your body energy is being diverted to control inflammation, and your nutrition isn’t keeping up with the amount of energy your body is expending.If you’ve had colitis for many years and you’re now starting to lose weight, this could be worrisome. Longstanding colitis puts you at risk for cancer, so be sure to notify your doctor immediately about any weight loss you experience.</li>\n<li><strong>Fever and chills:</strong> Developing any fever with or without chills may point to worsening inflammation, infection in your intestines, or an intestinal <em>abscess</em> (collection of pus).</li>\n<li><strong>Severe bleeding:</strong> If you notice blood in your stool every time you go to the bathroom, you may have a severe inflammation.</li>\n</ul>\n<p class=\"article-tips warning\">If you experience any of the preceding signs or symptoms, consult your doctor right away.</p>\n"},{"title":"Eight things that may worsen your Crohn's and colitis symptoms","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Taking your medications as prescribed is one way to keep your Crohn’s and colitis under control. However, the disease can become active despite taking medications. Certain things are known to trigger Crohn’s and colitis flares or increase your symptoms. But if you know about these triggers ahead of time and avoid them, you can help yourself stay in remission and avoid flares. Here are the common triggers for Crohn’s and colitis:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Smoking:</strong> Smoking not only increases your risk of having Crohn’s disease, it makes the disease worse, causing you to have more flares. Studies have also shown that smoking brings Crohn’s disease back after surgery. The relationship between smoking and ulcerative colitis is interesting. Many patients get their first attack of colitis after quitting smoking. But that doesn’t mean resuming will cure your colitis.</li>\n<li><strong>Drugs:</strong> Various drugs can trigger Crohn’s and colitis symptoms, including frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Motrin, Advil, or Aleve. Certain antibiotics, such as ciprofloxacin and penicillin, increase your risk of having an infection of your intestines, which can mimic acute flare.Talk with your doctor if you have any concerns about the medications you’ve been prescribed. Don’t stop taking a prescribed antibiotic without consulting with your doctor first.</li>\n<li><strong>Diet:</strong> Certain foods may give you more problems than others, but everyone reacts differently to different foods. What your sibling with Crohn’s or colitis can tolerate and what you can tolerate may be different. Pay attention to which foods are giving you trouble, and avoid them in the future. Here are some common culprits:\n<ul>\n<li>Artificial sweeteners</li>\n<li>Fatty foods</li>\n<li>High-fiber food</li>\n<li>Gas-producing food, such as lentils, beans, legumes, and broccoli</li>\n<li>Caffeine</li>\n<li>Spicy foods</li>\n<li>Nuts and seeds</li>\n<li>Dairy products if you’re lactose intolerant</li>\n<li>Wheat and other products<em> </em>if you’re sensitive to gluten</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><strong>Alcohol:</strong> Studies have <em>not</em> shown that drinking adversely affects the inflammation in Crohn’s and colitis patients. Alcohol does, however, irritate the intestines and can worsen symptoms of diarrhea in some patients. It can also interact with certain medications you may take for your disease, such as metronidazole and methotrexate.</li>\n<li><strong>Dehydration: </strong>Active disease makes you go to the restroom frequently, causing you to lose water and salt and putting you at risk for dehydration. Dehydration itself can cause stress to your body functions and cause more weakness and inability to cope with illness. And a vicious cycle starts. Bottom line: Stay hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-ounce glasses of clean water a day.The amount of water you need may vary depending on your age, weight, activity level, and body fluid losses (such as water lost during diarrhea). Talk with your doctor and dietitian about your total daily water requirement.</li>\n<li><strong>Depression:</strong> Studies have shown that depression can cause disease flare. You can have more symptoms and an increase in inflammation of the intestines when you’re depressed. Your doctor may prescribe an antidepressant to treat depression and, thus, reduce the symptoms of your Crohn’s or colitis. Be sure to talk with your doctor if you’re feeling depressed.</li>\n<li><strong>Lack of sleep:</strong> Sleep can affect the immune system, and poor sleep or sleep deprivation can activate inflammation. Poor sleepers tend to have more inflammation of their intestines and are at risk for future flares. Getting an uninterrupted seven to eight hours of sleep per night can keep your symptoms at bay.</li>\n<li><strong>Stress:</strong> Stress has a negative impact on the immune system. Physical and emotional stress has been shown to cause disease flare and an increase in symptoms. Nobody has a stress-free life, but do what you can to keep your stress to a minimum, even if that means taking a yoga class or dropping the kids off at your health club’s daycare center while you sit in the sauna for 30 minutes. (Just make sure to stay hydrated if you’re sweating out your stress.)</li>\n</ul>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"One year","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2022-10-13T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":208002},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:58:00+00:00","modifiedTime":"2022-09-12T17:43:33+00:00","timestamp":"2022-09-14T18:19:58+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Body, Mind, & Spirit","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34038"},"slug":"body-mind-spirit","categoryId":34038},{"name":"Physical Health & Well-Being","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34095"},"slug":"physical-health-well-being","categoryId":34095},{"name":"Diseases","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34139"},"slug":"diseases","categoryId":34139},{"name":"Parkinson's","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34162"},"slug":"parkinsons","categoryId":34162}],"title":"Parkinson’s Disease For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"parkinson’s disease for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"parkinsons-disease-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Having Parkinson’s disease (PD) makes for a challenging journey. Use the succinct information in this Cheat Sheet to recognize the important PD terms and acrony","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Having Parkinson’s disease (PD) makes for a challenging journey. Use the succinct information in this Cheat Sheet to recognize the important PD terms and acronyms, know where to look for related support, manage medications, and prepare emergency contact information.","description":"Having Parkinson’s disease (PD) makes for a challenging journey. Use the succinct information in this Cheat Sheet to recognize the important PD terms and acronyms, know where to look for related support, manage medications, and prepare emergency contact information.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":10532,"name":"Michele Tagliati","slug":"michele-tagliati","description":" <p><b>Michele Tagliati, MD</b> is Vice Chair of Neurology and Director of Movement Disorders at Cedars Sinai Medical Center. He researches Parkinson&#8217;s disease and other movement disorders.</p> <p><b>Jo Horne, MA </b>is an experienced author whose credits include <i>Care giving: Helping an Aging Loved One </i>and<i> A Survival Guide for Family Caregivers.</i> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10532"}},{"authorId":10534,"name":"Jo Horne","slug":"jo-horne","description":" <p><b>Michele Tagliati, MD</b> is Vice Chair of Neurology and Director of Movement Disorders at Cedars Sinai Medical Center. He researches Parkinson&#8217;s disease and other movement disorders.</p> <p><b>Jo Horne, MA </b>is an experienced author whose credits include <i>Care giving: Helping an Aging Loved One </i>and<i> A Survival Guide for Family Caregivers.</i> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10534"}},{"authorId":10535,"name":"Deborah W. Brooks","slug":"deborah-w-brooks","description":"Deborah W. 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Give a copy to your care partner, as well.</li>\n<li>Tell all doctors of allergies or other problems.</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Ask the doctor:</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Name of medicine</li>\n<li>Purpose</li>\n<li>Dosing schedule (how much, how often)</li>\n<li>How to take it and how long to take it</li>\n<li>Side effects</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Ask the pharmacist to:</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Check your new Rx with your current Rx and OTC meds for possible interactions</li>\n<li>Print the label in large print</li>\n<li>Provide easy-to-open caps</li>\n<li>Explain how to take the med</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>At home:</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Add the new med to the list of meds that you carry with you</li>\n<li>Read and file the informational printout that comes with your new med</li>\n<li>Take the med exactly as prescribed</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Words and acronyms to know","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<ul>\n<li><strong>Akinesia: </strong>Inability to move spontaneously</li>\n<li><strong>Ataxia:</strong> Impaired balance and coordination</li>\n<li><strong>Bradykinesia: </strong>Slowed movement</li>\n<li><strong>Carbidopa/levodopa: </strong>Medication to relieve PD symptoms</li>\n<li><strong>Dopamine: </strong>Acts as one of the brain’s messengers to signal movement and maintain balance and coordination</li>\n<li><strong>Dyskinesia: </strong>Abnormal involuntary movements</li>\n<li><strong>PD: </strong>Parkinson’s disease</li>\n<li><strong>PWP: </strong>Person (or people) with Parkinson’s disease</li>\n<li><strong>T.R.A.P.: </strong>Acronym for four primary PD symptoms:\n<ul>\n<li>Tremor: Shaking of limb (usually hand) while at rest</li>\n<li>Rigidity: Muscle stiffness and resistance to movement</li>\n<li>Akinesia/bradykinesia: See earlier in this list</li>\n<li>Postural instability: See ataxia earlier in this list</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Bookmark these websites","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.apdaparkinson.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>American Parkinson Disease Association</strong></a></li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://www.michaeljfox.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Michael J. Fox Foundation</a></strong></li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://www.parkinson.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Parkinson’s Foundation</a></strong></li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://www.ninds.nih.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke</a></strong></li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Red-flag medications","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>The following four classes of medications may be incompatible with routine PD meds. Provide the following list to all medical professionals before they prescribe any new medicine (prescription or over-the-counter) and review any new medications with your PD doctor before you begin taking them.</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Antinausea dopamine agonists</li>\n<li>Gastrointestinal anticholinergics</li>\n<li>Antipsychotics</li>\n<li>Postoperative pain-management drugs (Demerol, in particular)</li>\n</ul>\n<p>The Parkinson Foundation offers a <a href=\"https://www.parkinson.org/library/books/medical-alert-card\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wallet-sized medical alert card</a> on its website. When you get to the web page, enter your name and email address, and click Submit.</p>\n"},{"title":"You daily CHECK-IN","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Here’s a quick and easy way to remind yourself that living well with PD is possible. Read this list once a day — twice if it’s a rough day:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Challenge:</strong> Acknowledge and face the facts.</li>\n<li><strong>Humor:</strong> Find and revel in the absurd.</li>\n<li><strong>Empowerment:</strong> Refuse to surrender your life and relationships to PD.</li>\n<li><strong>Collaboration: </strong>Team with your family, friends, and healthcare providers.</li>\n<li><strong>Knowledge:</strong> Know the difference between myth and fact, and keep up with the latest developments.</li>\n<li><strong>Integration:</strong> Treat the body, mind, and spirit.</li>\n<li><strong>Never: </strong>Never give up!</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"When you go to the hospital or ER","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<ul>\n<li>Have copies of the following information ready, and give these copies to the admissions office, the doctors, and the ER or floor staff:\n<ul>\n<li>Your PD doctor’s contact information, including office phone number, email address, and fax info</li>\n<li>Your PD doctor’s written instructions for stopping and starting your PD meds during ER or hospital treatment</li>\n<li>A list of all Rx and OTC medications you currently take</li>\n<li>A list of the red-flag medications (see the section “Red-flag medications,&#8221; above)</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>Examine meds you’re given in the hospital. If you don’t recognize a medication, ask what it is, who prescribed it, and why you’re taking it.</li>\n<li>Make sure your care partner has copies of all personal info, including insurance and copies of your advance directive and living will.</li>\n<li>Have your care partner monitor all ER- or hospital-administered meds.</li>\n<li>Before leaving the hospital, get a list of medications you’re now taking.</li>\n<li>After you get home, contact your PD doctor to review the list of new meds.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Emergency contacts","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Make multiple copies of this completed table to have with you at all times. Fill in the blanks to keep important phone numbers close at hand.</p>\n<h3>Emergency Contacts</h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\"></td>\n<td width=\"120\"><strong>Name</strong></td>\n<td width=\"72\"><strong>Work Phone</strong></td>\n<td width=\"75\"><strong>Personal Phone</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">Primary care partner</td>\n<td width=\"120\"></td>\n<td width=\"72\"></td>\n<td width=\"75\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">Secondary care partner</td>\n<td width=\"120\"></td>\n<td width=\"72\"></td>\n<td width=\"75\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">Neighbor</td>\n<td width=\"120\"></td>\n<td width=\"72\"></td>\n<td width=\"75\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">PD doctor</td>\n<td width=\"120\"></td>\n<td width=\"72\"></td>\n<td width=\"75\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">Primary doctor</td>\n<td width=\"120\"></td>\n<td width=\"72\"></td>\n<td width=\"75\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"154\">Pharmacist</td>\n<td 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The human body is amazing. But it's not perfect. Here's help for when things go wrong.

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Crohn's & Colitis 8 Things That Can Worsen Crohn’s & Colitis Symptoms

Article / Updated 06-06-2023

Taking your medications as prescribed is one way to keep your Crohn’s and colitis under control. However, the disease can become active despite taking medications. Certain things are known to trigger Crohn’s and colitis flares or increase your symptoms. But if you know about these triggers ahead of time — and avoid them — you can help yourself stay in remission and avoid flares. Here are the common triggers for Crohn’s and colitis: Smoking: Smoking not only increases your risk of having Crohn’s disease, but also makes the disease worse, causing you to have more flares. Studies have also shown that smoking brings Crohn’s disease back after surgery. Drugs: A variety of drugs can trigger Crohn’s and colitis symptoms, including frequent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as Motrin, Advil, or Aleve. Certain antibiotics (such as ciprofloxacin and penicillin) increase your risk of having infection of your intestines, which can mimic acute flare. Talk with your doctor if you have any concerns about medications you’ve been prescribed. Don’t stop taking a prescribed antibiotic without consulting with your doctor first. Diet: Certain foods may give you more problems than others, but everyone reacts differently to different foods — so what your sibling with Crohn’s or colitis can tolerate and what you can tolerate may be different. Pay attention to which foods are giving you trouble and avoid them in the future. Here are some common culprits: Artificial sweeteners Fatty foods High-fiber food Gas-producing food (lentils, beans, legumes, broccoli) Caffeine Spicy foods Nuts and seeds Dairy products (if you’re lactose intolerant) Wheat and other products (if you’re sensitive to gluten) Alcohol: Studies have not shown that drinking adversely affects the inflammation in Crohn’s and colitis patients. Alcohol does, however, irritate the intestines and can worsen symptoms of diarrhea in some patients. It can also interact with certain medications you may take for your disease, such as metronidazole and methotrexate. Dehydration: Active disease makes you go to the restroom frequently, causing you to lose water and salt and putting you at risk for dehydration. Dehydration itself can cause stress to your body functions and cause more weakness and inability to cope with illness. And a vicious cycle starts. . . . Bottom line: Stay hydrated by drinking at least eight 8-ounce glasses of clean water a day. The amount of water you need may vary depending on your age, weight, activity level, and body fluid losses (such as water lost during diarrhea). Talk with your doctor and dietitian about your total daily water requirement. Depression: Studies have shown that depression can cause disease flare. You can have more symptoms and an increase in inflammation of the intestines when you’re depressed. Your doctor may prescribe an antidepressant to treat depression and, thus, reduce the symptoms of your Crohn’s or colitis. Be sure to talk with your doctor if you’re feeling depressed. Lack of sleep: Sleep can affect the immune system, and poor sleep or sleep deprivation can activate inflammation. Poor sleepers tend to have more inflammation of their intestines and are at risk for future flares. Getting an uninterrupted seven to eight hours of sleep can keep your symptoms at a bay. Stress: Stress has a negative impact on the immune system. Physical and emotional stress has been shown to cause disease flare and an increase in symptoms. Nobody has a stress-free life, but do what you can to keep your stress at a minimum, even if that means taking a yoga class or dropping the kids off at your health club’s daycare center while you sit in the sauna for 30 minutes. (Just make sure to stay hydrated if you’re sweating out your stress.)

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General Addiction Addiction and Recovery For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 05-15-2023

To overcome an addiction, first you need to recognize addiction in yourself or a loved one. Then, explore addiction recovery programs and treatment methods and decide how to deal with your addictive behavior, or that of a family member or friend.

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General Addiction The Three Phases of Compulsive Gambling

Article / Updated 05-03-2023

Gambling involves the betting or wagering of valuables on uncertain outcomes and takes many forms — from games of chance to skill-based activities. People have many motivations for gambling, but all involve the hope of gaining more. Gambling is sometimes a rite of passage by which people discover more about themselves and how to compete with others. It is sometimes a way of life (for people such as casino pros and escape gamblers). It can be, in its healthiest form, a way of socializing and having fun. Pathological gambling is a progressive disorder that involves impulse-control problems. The consequences of pathological gambling are severe and may be devastating to the addicted person's family and career, but the disorder can be treated. As with all addictions, pathological gambling has personal, familial, and neurochemical aspects. Pathological gamblers may even have a genetic vulnerability, although such complex behaviors are unlikely to be traced to one specific gene in the same way some medical conditions, like cystic fibrosis, have been. Problem gambling pioneer Dr. Robert Custer identified three phases to a progressive gambling problem: a winning phase, a losing phase, and a desperation phase. Winning phase In the winning phase, you may experience a "big win" or a series of smaller wins that result in excess optimism. You may feel an unrealistic sense of power and control and you're excited by the prospect of more wins. ("Hey Doc, this is a sure thing. I'm betting the farm.") At the same time, you can't maintain the excitement unless you're continually involved in high-risk bets. Your bets increase, and ultimately, the increased risk puts you in a vulnerable situation where you can't afford to lose . . . and then, sure as the sun rises, you do lose. Losing phase In the losing phase, you may brag about past wins; how you had the casino or track or bookie on the ropes. But in the immediate situation, you're losing more than winning. You're more likely to gamble alone, and when not gambling, you're more likely to spend time thinking about how and when you'll gamble next. Most importantly, you're concerned with how you'll raise more money, legally or illegally. You may have a few wins that fuel the size of your bets. But the dominant pattern is that of losing. Moreover, making the next bet becomes more important than the winning of any previous bet. As the losing continues, you start lying to family and friends and feeling more irritable, restless, and emotionally isolated. You start borrowing money that you're unsure about being able to repay. As your life becomes unmanageable, you may be developing some serious financial problems. Your denial of the huge financial pressures that are building may seem unbelievable to some people: You're also likely to start chasing your losses, trying to win back what you lost. ("Doc, I'll stop, but first I've got to get back to even.") If you don't change your pattern, however, you'll be engaging in more and more self-destructive behavior. Desperation phase The next phase, the desperation phase, involves still another marked change in your gambling behavior. You may now make bets more often than is normal, in more desperate attempts to catch up and "get even." The behavior that's now out of control is associated with deep remorse, with blaming others, and with the alienation of family and friends. You may engage in illegal activities to finance your gambling. You may experience a sense of hopelessness and think about suicide and divorce. Other addictions and emotional problems may also intensify during this phase and drag you down.

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Diabetes Screening Guidelines for Diabetes

Article / Updated 04-27-2023

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) updates its guidelines for standards of medical care annually. These are the 2022 guidelines for screening: People with symptoms of thirst, frequent urination, and weight loss are tested immediately. Starting at age 35, all people without risk factors should be tested for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes every three years if tests are normal. (The ADA changed this from the previously recommended age of 45.) Women planning to become pregnant should be screened with a fasting glucose test, especially if they have risk factors. People should be tested at a younger age and more often if: They are obese. They have a parent or sibling with diabetes. They are from a high-risk group, such as African American, Hispanic, Asian, or Native American. They have delivered a baby more than 9 pounds or had gestational diabetes. They have high blood pressure. They have low HDL cholesterol or high triglycerides.

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Diabetes Diabetes For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 04-18-2023

Diabetes, which is excessive glucose in your blood, leads to serious health problems if left untreated. You should follow the American Diabetes Association screening guidelines to get tested for diabetes at the earliest possible time. If you have diabetes, this Cheat Sheet is a handy reference to screening guidelines, rules for living with diabetes, and continuing your diabetes care to better control the disease.

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General Addiction Effects of Psychedelics and Hallucinogens

Article / Updated 04-17-2023

Direct from the Age of Aquarius, with a history going back thousands of years, hallucinogens take people on far-ranging trips inside their own minds. Hallucinogens (also called psychedelics) cause your brain to generate experiences that are profound distortions of reality. We have five senses: seeing, hearing, tasting, touching, and smelling. Hallucinogens distort these senses, and particularly change your impressions of time and space. Hallucinogens specifically disrupt the neurotransmitter serotonin and interfere with the way your neural cells interact. Serotonin can be found in many places in the central nervous system (your brain and spinal cord) and assists in the functions controlling mood, hunger, body temperature, sexual behavior, muscle control, and sensory perception. The trips caused by hallucinogens can last for as long as 6 to 12 hours. Some trips are good, some are bad. A good trip is dependent on your mindset when you take the drug. Your reaction may differ from time to time, even though you take the same amount of a drug. A good trip often involves visual hallucinations (seeing things that aren't really there or that are distorted). These images may be seen as funny or inspiring, or just odd. Colors may be especially intense and intriguing patterns may emerge on surfaces, like tables or ceilings. Distortions of objects, faces, and other body parts may be experienced. A heightened sexual drive — an aphrodisiac effect — has also been reported. A bad trip on the other hand, may be set off by similar doses of drug that in the past provided a good trip. A bad trip is a frightening experience with surging anxiety and fears of being out of control and vulnerable. Terrifying images and hallucinations have been reported. At different times, under controlled conditions, hallucinogens have been used in experimental forms of psychotherapy, because they seem to bring underlying conflicts to the surface. The bad trips may be linked to these conflicts surfacing, especially when they take symbolic forms and distort reality (these distorted thoughts and images are like a very bad nightmare). Some hallucinogens come from plants but most are synthesized and manufactured. Mescaline comes from the cactus plant called peyote. Psilocybin comes from certain mushrooms often referred to as magic mushrooms or shrooms (for short). LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide, also known as acid) and a dissociative anaesthetic, PCP, (phencyclidine or angel dust) are widely available synthetic hallucinogens. Taking LSD may make you feel several emotions simultaneously and may merge senses so that you see sounds and hear colors. LSD itself, is a clear or white, odorless, water-soluble material synthesized from lysergic acid, a compound rye fungus. The potential of LSD for abuse is fairly high because the experiences are exciting to some people and they want to re-experience their excitement until, of course, they have a bad trip. If you value self-control, it's unlikely that you'll want to gamble in this way about having a good versus a bad trip. If you use LSD, you may experience flashbacks — a repetition of earlier LSD experiences. A flashback often has an unsettling effect, because it is something that is frequently beyond your control. Flashbacks can occur later in your life and seem to be set off by past associations. People with post-traumatic stress have reported similar experiences as they relive their trauma. In a flashback you have to redirect your attention to the present and get out of your head. Flashbacks are a significant concern if they occur when you're driving or in other situations where distractions can result in elevated risks.

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Diseases Epidemiology For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 03-13-2023

This Cheat Sheet simplifies a few topics that you may encounter in your epidemiology coursework. For example, epidemiologic study design is important for conducting research. Furthermore, when working in public health, you want to help people prevent disease, and educating the populations you serve about making healthy food choices is a great way to do so.

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General Addiction Overcoming Internet Addiction For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 02-28-2023

Internet addiction involves excessive, and at times compulsive, overuse of Internet screen devices. Typically, some types of content are potentially more addictive, including social media, pornography, video games, binge TV watching, shopping, and gambling. The Internet delivers desirable content unpredictably, and the reward center of the brain loves the unpredictable experience of maybe. Addiction is about maybe finding the pleasure you once experienced, and you thinking that maybe it will be fun again. This is the neurobiological chase for the previous pleasurable dopamine hit.

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Crohn's & Colitis Crohn’s and Colitis For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 01-30-2023

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the two major types of inflammatory bowel disease. They’re part of a group of disorders in which the small and large intestines become inflamed. The exact cause is a mystery, but scientists have discovered some clues as to what may cause Crohn’s and colitis. The symptoms of the diseases can vary in each individual, but some symptoms are more common than others. The good news is, you can take steps to reduce your symptoms and keep them from interfering with your life.

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Parkinson's Parkinson’s Disease For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 09-12-2022

Having Parkinson’s disease (PD) makes for a challenging journey. Use the succinct information in this Cheat Sheet to recognize the important PD terms and acronyms, know where to look for related support, manage medications, and prepare emergency contact information.

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