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To keep your work and leisure projects safe, never do any of these things with your Mac:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Never shut off your Mac by pulling the plug. </strong>Always use the Shut Down command from the Apple menu (or press the power button and then click the Shut Down button).If you’re using a MacBook, you can usually get away with pulling the plug while it’s running because the battery automatically kicks in. The only caveat is that if your battery is totally depleted, damaged, or missing entirely, you could suffer directory damage or data loss by pulling the plug. Just use the Shut Down command, and you’ll sleep well.</li>\n<li><strong>Never bump, drop, shake, wobble, dribble, drop-kick, or play catch with a hard drive while it’s running macOS.</strong> Don’t forget: Your desktop Mac has a hard or solid-state drive inside it, too.</li>\n<li><strong>Never get up from your Mac without saving your work.</strong> Just before your butt leaves the chair, your fingers should press Command+S (the keyboard shortcut in macOS that saves your work). Make it a habit.</li>\n<li><strong>Never keep only one copy of your important documents. </strong>Make at least two backup copies and keep one of them in another physical location. Period.</li>\n<li><strong>Never clean your monitor with a glass cleaner, such as Windex (or another product not designed to be used on a video display). </strong>And nix the paper towels or tissues, too. Use a soft cloth (microfiber is best) to avoid scratching the display.</li>\n<li><strong>Never pay attention to anyone who says that Windows is just like the Mac. </strong>Yeah, right. And a Kia is just like a Porsche.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Handy keyboard shortcuts for macOS Ventura","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Make your work go faster by using these macOS keyboard shortcuts with your flying fingers. Print this chart and refer to it while you work or play.</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Command</strong></td>\n<td><strong>Keyboard Shortcut</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Add Selected Item to Dock</td>\n<td>Command+Control+Shift+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Add Selected Item to Sidebar</td>\n<td>Command+Control+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Close All Windows</td>\n<td>Command+Option+W</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Close Window</td>\n<td>Command+W</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Copy</td>\n<td>Command+C</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cut</td>\n<td>Command+X</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Duplicate</td>\n<td>Command+D</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Eject Disk</td>\n<td>Command+E</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Empty Trash</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+Delete</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Find</td>\n<td>Command+F</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Get Info (on selected item or items)</p>\n<p>Get Info Inspector (on selected item or items)</td>\n<td>Command+I</p>\n<p>Command+Option+I</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Go to Recents</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+F</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Go to Applications Folder</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+A</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Go to Desktop</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+D</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Go to Documents Folder</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+O</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Go to Home Folder</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+H</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Help</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+?</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hide Current Application</td>\n<td>Command+H</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hide Other Applications</td>\n<td>Command+Option+H</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Log Out Current User</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+Q</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Make Alias</td>\n<td>Command+L</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Minimize Window</td>\n<td>Command+M</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mission Control: All Windows</td>\n<td>Control+Up Arrow (F3 on Apple keyboards)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mission Control: Application Windows</td>\n<td>Control+Down Arrow (Control+F3 on Apple keyboards)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Mission Control: Show Desktop</td>\n<td>F11 (fn+F11 on laptops) (Command+F3 on Apple keyboards)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Move to Trash</td>\n<td>Command+Delete</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>New Finder Window</td>\n<td>Command+N</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>New Folder</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+N</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>New Smart Folder</td>\n<td>Command+Option+N</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Next Window</td>\n<td>Command+` (backtick)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Open</td>\n<td>Command+O</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Paste</td>\n<td>Command+V</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Quick Look (at selected item)</td>\n<td>Command+Y or Spacebar</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Redo</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+Z</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Select All</td>\n<td>Command+A</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show Original (of selected alias)</td>\n<td>Command+R</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show View Options</td>\n<td>Command+J</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show/Hide Dock</td>\n<td>Command+Option+D</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show/Hide Path Bar</td>\n<td>Command+Option +P</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show/Hide Sidebar</td>\n<td>Command+Option +S</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show/Hide Status Bar</td>\n<td>Command+/</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show/Hide Tab Bar</td>\n<td>Command+Shift+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Show/Hide Toolbar</td>\n<td>Command+Option+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Turn VoiceOver On/Off</td>\n<td>Command+F5 (fn+F5 on laptops)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Undo</td>\n<td>Command+Z</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>View Window as Columns</td>\n<td>Command+3</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>View Window as Gallery</td>\n<td>Command+4</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>View Window as Icons</td>\n<td>Command+1</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>View Window as List</td>\n<td>Command+2</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"Tabbing around Ventura's Save As dialog","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>In the expanded view of macOS Ventura&#8217;s &#8220;Save As&#8221; dialog, if you press the Tab key while the Save As field is active, it becomes inactive and the Tags field becomes active. Press Tab again, and the Search field becomes active. Press Tab again and the sidebar becomes active. And if you press Tab again, the Save As field will, once again, be active.</p>\n<p>That’s because the Save As field, the Tags and Search fields, and the sidebar are mutually exclusive, and only one can be active at any time. You can always tell which item is active by the thin blue border around it.</p>\n<p>When you want to switch to a different folder to save a file, click the folder in the sidebar or click anywhere in the file list box to make the file list active. The following tricks help you get a hold on this whole active/inactive silliness:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>If you type while the file list box is active, the list box selects the folder that most closely matches the letter(s) that you type.</strong> It’s a little strange because you won’t see what you type: You’ll be typing blind, so to speak.</li>\n<li><strong>When the file list is active, the letters that you type don’t appear in the Save As field. </strong>If you want to type a filename, you have to activate the Save As field again (by clicking in it or using the Tab key) before you can type in it.</li>\n<li><strong>If you type while the sidebar is active, nothing happens.</strong> But you can use the up- and down-arrow keys to move around in the sidebar.</li>\n<li><strong>Pressing Shift reverses the order of the sequence. </strong>If you press Shift+Tab, the active item moves from the Save As field to the Sidebar to the Search box and back to the Save As field again.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Backup made straightforward","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>When working in macOS Ventura, would you like to ensure that you won’t lose more than a little work no matter what happens — even if your office burns, floods, is destroyed by tornado, hurricane, or earthquake, or robbed? If so, follow these recommendations.</p>\n<p>Keeping a single backup is — frankly, my dear — not enough. Two backups might be okay. Three is much safer and gives you the option of keeping the third somewhere offsite, such as at a friend or relative&#8217;s house or in a safe-deposit box at your bank.</p>\n<p>To make those three backups, you need to create a set-and-forget system that runs automatically in the background without you needing to start them. Consider these options:</p>\n<h3>Time Machine</h3>\n<p>Use macOS&#8217;s excellent Time Machine feature as your first line of defense. Time Machine is so easy and so effective that there&#8217;s no excuse not to use it. But although Time Machine maintains multiple copies of files, they’re all stored on the same disk. If something’s worth backing up to one place, it’s worth backing up three times.</p>\n<p>You can add a second or third backup disk (or even more) to Time Machine if you like. Connect the disk and choose System Settings; then choose General; then choose Time Machine to display the Time Machine pane in System Settings.</p>\n<p>Click the Add (+) button, select the disk in the dialog that opens, and click Set Up Disk. Choose backup options — you&#8217;ll probably want to encrypt the backups — and then click Done. Time Machine then backs up to both the disks. But (you&#8217;ll have spotted the problem here) both your Time Machine backup disks are in the same place, so a single natural disaster (conflagration, inundation, fulmination&#8230;) or deliberate disaster (your choice) can take them both out.</p>\n<h3>Online backup services</h3>\n<p>You can use an online backup service, such as iDrive (<a href=\"https://www.idrive.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.idrive.com</a>) or Backblaze (<a href=\"https://www.backblaze.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.backblaze.com</a>) to back up your Mac to the cloud.</p>\n<p>These services start around the $5 to $10 per month level, so they&#8217;re good value. Most can back up your other computers and devices as well as your Mac.</p>\n<h3>Cloning apps</h3>\n<p>You can use a cloning app, such as <a href=\"https://www.bombich.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbon Copy Cloner</a> ($39.99) or <a href=\"https://shirt-pocket.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SuperDuper</a> ($27.99) to clone your Mac&#8217;s startup disk to another hard drive every day (for example, in the early hours of the morning). This gives you a bootable backup you can use for recovery if your Mac goes south.</p>\n<h3>iCloud</h3>\n<p>Another options is to store your current work in iCloud or a competitor, such as Dropbox or Microsoft&#8217;s OneDrive, so that you have an instantly accessible online backup, as well as being able to work on your documents no matter where you happen to be.</p>\n<p>One final thing: You must test the integrity of each backup to make sure it will work when you need it. Just restore a few files and make sure they&#8217;re usable. You&#8217;ll then be sure you can recover fully should disaster strike.</p>\n"},{"title":"10 favorite websites for macOS Ventura users","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>To learn about all things Macintosh and macOS Ventura, check out these sites, and stuff your brain with Mac information:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.macobserver.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The Mac Observer</strong></a> offers insightful opinion pieces in addition to the usual Apple news and product reviews. The quality and depth of the writing at <em>The Mac Observer </em>is superior to most other sites covering the Apple beat.</li>\n<li>The <a href=\"https://support.apple.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Apple support site</strong> </a>and <a href=\"https://discussions.apple.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Apple support communities</strong></a> are treasure troves of tech notes, software update information, troubleshooting tips, and documentation for most Apple products.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.download.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Download.com</strong></a>, the site formerly known as VersionTracker, is the place to go to find freeware, shareware, and software updates for macOS. If this site doesn’t have it, it probably doesn’t exist.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.macworld.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Macworld</strong></a> describes itself as, “Your best source for all things Apple,” and it’s not far from the truth. <em>Macworld</em> is especially strong for comparative reviews of Mac and iPhone/iPad products. If you want to find out which inkjet printer or digital camera is the best in its price class, Macworld.com probably has feature comparison charts and real-world test results.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.tidbits.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>TidBITS</strong></a> bills itself as “Thoughtful, detailed coverage of everything Apple for 30 years” but there’s much more to <em>TidBITS </em>than just news. You can also find thoughtful commentary, in-depth analysis, and detailed product reviews, written and edited by pros who really know the Apple ecosystem.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.sixcolors.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Six Colors</strong></a> is Jason Snell’s magazine on the web. The former editor for <em>Macworld</em> magazine for over a decade, he and his team provide daily coverage of Apple, other technology companies, and the intersection of technology and culture. Six Colors has been around for a few years, and the writing continues to get stronger, more opinionated, and even more fun to read.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://thewirecutter.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Wirecutter</strong> </a>is a great place to learn what experts consider the best peripherals, tech tools, and toys. Now a <em>New York Times</em> company, Wirecutter has the resources to objectively evaluate many products in a category and declare one of them the “best.”</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://eshop.macsales.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Other World Computing</strong></a> is a terrific favorite maker of accessories and peripherals for Macs. They have a wide array of storage upgrade kits and memory upgrades that are guaranteed for life, as well as great documentation and instructional videos.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.dealmac.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>DealMac</strong></a> is the place to shop for deals on Mac stuff. With a motto like “How to go broke saving money,” this site is often the first to find out about sale prices, rebates, and other bargain opportunities on upgrades, software, peripherals, and more.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.apple.com/shop/refurbished\"><strong>Apple’s refurbished and clearance store</strong></a> can save you up to 30 percent on like-new Apple products.</li>\n</ul>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Explore","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2022-11-15T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":295750},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T14:25:59+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-05-03T20:54:15+00:00","timestamp":"2023-05-03T21:01:04+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Operating Systems","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33524"},"slug":"operating-systems","categoryId":33524},{"name":"Microsoft Windows","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33532"},"slug":"windows","categoryId":33532},{"name":"Windows 10","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33535"},"slug":"windows-10","categoryId":33535}],"title":"Adding an Exception to Your Windows 7 Firewall","strippedTitle":"adding an exception to your windows 7 firewall","slug":"windows-7-set-up-an-inbound-exception-in-windows-firewall","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Learn how to set up a firewall with a specific inbound exception to protect your computer while allowing for necessary communications.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Setting up a firewall is an effective way to protect your computer from outside cyber attackers and malicious software. But keep in mind that by setting up a firewall, you are changing the way your computer communicates with other computers on the Internet. The firewall blocks all incoming communications unless you set up a specific inbound exception in the Windows firewall to let a program in.\r\n\r\nSome of your programs won’t respond until they receive a signal via the Internet. If you have a program that doesn’t poke its own hole through the Windows Firewall, you can tell the firewall to allow packets destined for that specific program — and <i>only</i> that program — in through the firewall.","description":"Setting up a firewall is an effective way to protect your computer from outside cyber attackers and malicious software. But keep in mind that by setting up a firewall, you are changing the way your computer communicates with other computers on the Internet. The firewall blocks all incoming communications unless you set up a specific inbound exception in the Windows firewall to let a program in.\r\n\r\nSome of your programs won’t respond until they receive a signal via the Internet. If you have a program that doesn’t poke its own hole through the Windows Firewall, you can tell the firewall to allow packets destined for that specific program — and <i>only</i> that program — in through the firewall.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9068,"name":"Woody Leonhard","slug":"woody-leonhard","description":" <b>Woody Leonhard</b> is a bestselling author and has been a Microsoft beta tester since Word for Windows 1.1. He covers Windows and Office topics on his popular Web site, AskWoody.com.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9068"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":33535,"title":"Windows 10","slug":"windows-10","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33535"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":209482,"title":"Windows 7 All-in-One For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"windows-7-all-in-one-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/209482"}},{"articleId":206351,"title":"How to Open a Port in the Windows 7 Firewall","slug":"how-to-open-a-port-in-the-windows-7-firewall","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/206351"}},{"articleId":206349,"title":"How to Add Gadgets to the Windows 7 Desktop","slug":"how-to-add-gadgets-to-the-windows-7-desktop","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/206349"}},{"articleId":206348,"title":"How to Restore the Quick Launch Toolbar to the Taskbar in Windows 7","slug":"how-to-restore-the-quick-launch-toolbar-to-the-taskbar-in-windows-7","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/206348"}},{"articleId":206347,"title":"How to Use the Problem Steps Recorder in Windows 7","slug":"how-to-use-the-problem-steps-recorder-in-windows-7","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/206347"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":285564,"title":"How to Use Android and iPhone Devices with Windows 10","slug":"how-to-use-android-and-iphone-devices-with-windows-10","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/285564"}},{"articleId":285540,"title":"How to Work Remotely with Windows 10","slug":"how-to-work-remotely-with-windows-10","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/285540"}},{"articleId":283486,"title":"Your Laptop and Windows","slug":"your-laptop-and-windows","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/283486"}},{"articleId":272866,"title":"How to Create Microsoft and Local Accounts in Windows 10","slug":"how-to-create-microsoft-and-local-accounts-in-windows-10","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/272866"}},{"articleId":272856,"title":"How to Open Windows 10 Apps","slug":"how-to-open-windows-10-apps","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/272856"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":281895,"slug":"windows-7-all-in-one-for-dummies","isbn":"9780470487631","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","windows","windows-10"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0470487631/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/0470487631/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/0470487631-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0470487631/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/0470487631/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/windows-7-all-in-one-for-dummies-cover-9780470487631-204x255.jpg","width":204,"height":255},"title":"Windows 7 All-in-One For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":false,"authorsInfo":"<b data-author-id=\"9068\">Woody Leonhard</b> describes himself as a \"Windows victim.\" Since 1992, he's been sharing the solutions to his own tech problems with millions of readers. In addition to writing several books in the For Dummies series, Woody is a Contributing Editor for <i>Windows Secrets</i> newsletter. He also runs his own blog at AskWoody.com.","authors":[{"authorId":9068,"name":"Woody Leonhard","slug":"woody-leonhard","description":" <b>Woody Leonhard</b> is a bestselling author and has been a Microsoft beta tester since Word for Windows 1.1. He covers Windows and Office topics on his popular Web site, AskWoody.com.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9068"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;operating-systems&quot;,&quot;windows&quot;,&quot;windows-10&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9780470487631&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6452cb90063e9\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;operating-systems&quot;,&quot;windows&quot;,&quot;windows-10&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9780470487631&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6452cb9006b05\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Step by Step","articleList":null,"content":[{"title":"Choose Start→Control Panel. Click the System and Security link; click Windows Firewall.","thumb":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146685.image1.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146684.image0.jpg","width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>You see the main Windows Firewall control window.</p>\n"},{"title":"On the left, click the link labeled Allow a Program or Feature through Windows Firewall.","thumb":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146687.image3.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146686.image2.jpg","width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>Windows Firewall presents you with a lengthy list of programs: If a box is checked, it means that Windows Firewall will allow incoming packets of data directed to that program.</p>\n<p>The list varies depending on whether you’re connected to a home or work network (a private network) or a public network. There are many programs that won’t be allowed to receive unsolicited packets on a public network, such as Windows Media Player.</p>\n"},{"title":"Select the program’s check box depending on the type of network you want to be connected to when you allow the unsolicited incoming data.","thumb":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"image":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>It’s rare indeed that you would allow access when connected to a public network but not to a home or work network.</p>\n"},{"title":"If you can’t find a program, click the Change Settings button at the top and then click the Allow Another Program button at the bottom.","thumb":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146689.image5.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146688.image4.jpg","width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>Windows Firewall goes out to all common program locations and finally presents you with a list of available programs. It can take a while.</p>\n"},{"title":"If you still don’t see the program you want, click the Browse button and locate the program. Select it and click Open.","thumb":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"image":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>The program you chose appears on the Add a Program list.</p>\n"},{"title":"Choose the program you want to add and click the Add button.","thumb":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146691.image7.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/146690.image6.jpg","width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>The Allow Programs list reappears with you program added. For this example, we added a program called <span class=\"code\">PokeMeThrough.exe</span>.</p>\n<p>Realize that you’re opening a potential, albeit small, security hole. If you authorize a renegade program to accept incoming packets, the bad program could let the fox into the chicken coop.</p>\n"},{"title":"Select the check boxes for your poked-through program. Then Click OK.","thumb":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"image":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"content":"<p>Your poked-through program can immediately start handling inbound data.</p>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Solve","lifeExpectancy":"Two years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2022-08-02T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":206352},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-26T22:16:05+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-05-03T19:32:02+00:00","timestamp":"2023-05-03T21:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33520"},"slug":"macs","categoryId":33520},{"name":"General Macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33523"},"slug":"general-macs","categoryId":33523}],"title":"Automatic Investment Programs for Retirement","strippedTitle":"automatic investment programs for retirement","slug":"establishing-automatic-investment-programs-for-retirement","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"You may want to consider establishing automatic investment programs to save for your retirement. Several automatic savings programs may be available to you. You","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"You may want to consider establishing automatic investment programs to save for your retirement. Several automatic savings programs may be available to you. You need to determine how much you can direct to each of these automatic plans. Here’s how you do it:\r\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Make sure that you’re taking full advantage of any employer matching contribution for which you may be eligible with your company’s retirement plan.</b></p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">Contribute the maximum amount that the employer will match.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>If eligible, make the maximum contributions to your and your spouse’s (if applicable) Roth IRA accounts each year; take your contributions automatically out of your checking account each month.</b></p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">A Roth IRA is the best retirement funding vehicle — from a tax standpoint — ever! Although you don’t get a deduction when you contribute to a Roth IRA, all the earnings and withdrawals on the account are tax-free forever.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">You can establish a Roth IRA account at most banks, through investment advisors, or directly with a low-cost, no-load mutual fund company like <a href=\"http://www.vanguard.com\">Vanguard</a> or a deep discount broker like <a href=\"http://www.scottrade.com\">Scottrade</a> or <a href=\"http://sharebuilder.com\">ShareBuilder</a>.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">Making monthly contributions is much easier than coming up with the whole year’s contribution at once. You can set up direct automatic investments from your checking account into your Roth IRA account.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Build your personal portfolio with low-cost, tax-advantaged-passive investment vehicles, such as exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and index funds.</b></p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">You need to have investments that you can tap into if needed prior to retirement. Also, when you retire and pull money out of your retirement account, 100 percent of that withdrawal is taxable to you as ordinary income. Capital gains tax rates are much lower. You may be much better off from a tax standpoint to pay minimal capital gains now rather than the tax for ordinary income in the future.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">Index funds are a way individual investors can own the stock market that you hear about on the news, such as the Standard and Poor 500 Composite Index (S&P 500, for short). Index funds have been available through no-load mutual fund powerhouses like Vanguard for decades. However, the range of options now available has exploded in the last few years. You can now buy an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that invests exclusively in United States Treasury Inflation Protection Securities. Rather than buying one bond for $10,000, you can literally buy one share of an ETF, which trades like stocks, incurring a transaction fee to buy or sell shares. And with the advent of deep-discount online brokerage firms, you now can afford to make monthly purchases of exchange-traded funds.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nWhich automatic savings programs are available to you, and how much can you direct to each of these automatic plans? Use the Making Your Investments Automatic Worksheet to put these steps in action.\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/114684.image0.jpg\" alt=\"image0.jpg\" width=\"233\" height=\"400\" />\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://media.wiley.com/Lux/assets/76/114276.099339 un1403.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Click here to download and print the Making Your Investments Automatic worksheet.</a>","description":"You may want to consider establishing automatic investment programs to save for your retirement. Several automatic savings programs may be available to you. You need to determine how much you can direct to each of these automatic plans. Here’s how you do it:\r\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Make sure that you’re taking full advantage of any employer matching contribution for which you may be eligible with your company’s retirement plan.</b></p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">Contribute the maximum amount that the employer will match.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>If eligible, make the maximum contributions to your and your spouse’s (if applicable) Roth IRA accounts each year; take your contributions automatically out of your checking account each month.</b></p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">A Roth IRA is the best retirement funding vehicle — from a tax standpoint — ever! Although you don’t get a deduction when you contribute to a Roth IRA, all the earnings and withdrawals on the account are tax-free forever.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">You can establish a Roth IRA account at most banks, through investment advisors, or directly with a low-cost, no-load mutual fund company like <a href=\"http://www.vanguard.com\">Vanguard</a> or a deep discount broker like <a href=\"http://www.scottrade.com\">Scottrade</a> or <a href=\"http://sharebuilder.com\">ShareBuilder</a>.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">Making monthly contributions is much easier than coming up with the whole year’s contribution at once. You can set up direct automatic investments from your checking account into your Roth IRA account.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<p class=\"first-para\"><b>Build your personal portfolio with low-cost, tax-advantaged-passive investment vehicles, such as exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and index funds.</b></p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">You need to have investments that you can tap into if needed prior to retirement. Also, when you retire and pull money out of your retirement account, 100 percent of that withdrawal is taxable to you as ordinary income. Capital gains tax rates are much lower. You may be much better off from a tax standpoint to pay minimal capital gains now rather than the tax for ordinary income in the future.</p>\r\n<p class=\"child-para\">Index funds are a way individual investors can own the stock market that you hear about on the news, such as the Standard and Poor 500 Composite Index (S&P 500, for short). Index funds have been available through no-load mutual fund powerhouses like Vanguard for decades. However, the range of options now available has exploded in the last few years. You can now buy an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that invests exclusively in United States Treasury Inflation Protection Securities. Rather than buying one bond for $10,000, you can literally buy one share of an ETF, which trades like stocks, incurring a transaction fee to buy or sell shares. And with the advent of deep-discount online brokerage firms, you now can afford to make monthly purchases of exchange-traded funds.</p>\r\n</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nWhich automatic savings programs are available to you, and how much can you direct to each of these automatic plans? Use the Making Your Investments Automatic Worksheet to put these steps in action.\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/114684.image0.jpg\" alt=\"image0.jpg\" width=\"233\" height=\"400\" />\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http://media.wiley.com/Lux/assets/76/114276.099339 un1403.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Click here to download and print the Making Your Investments Automatic worksheet.</a>","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9811,"name":"Sheryl Garrett","slug":"sheryl-garrett","description":" <b>Sheryl Garrett</b> is a financial advisor, author, and speaker. She founded the Garrett Planning Network and is the author of <i>Personal Finance Workbook For Dummies</i>. <p><b>Sue Hoppin</b> is the Deputy Director for Spouse Outreach at the Military Officers Association of America. In 2007, Military Spouse magazine placed Sue on their 2007 Who's Who of Military Spouses list.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9811"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":33523,"title":"General Macs","slug":"general-macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33523"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":208422,"title":"Personal Finance Workbook For Dummies Cheat Sheet","slug":"personal-finance-workbook-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","categoryList":["business-careers-money","personal-finance","general-personal-finance"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/208422"}},{"articleId":197146,"title":"Creating Files to Organize Tax Records","slug":"creating-files-to-organize-tax-records","categoryList":["business-careers-money","personal-finance","taxes"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/197146"}},{"articleId":181915,"title":"How to Wipe Out Credit Card Debt","slug":"how-to-wipe-out-credit-card-debt","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/181915"}},{"articleId":181909,"title":"Considering Your Financial Future","slug":"considering-your-financial-future","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/181909"}},{"articleId":181884,"title":"Questions to Ask when Hiring a Financial Advisor","slug":"questions-to-ask-when-hiring-a-financial-advisor","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/181884"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":267212,"title":"How to Establish an Apple Identity on a Mac","slug":"how-to-establish-an-apple-identity-on-a-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267212"}},{"articleId":267203,"title":"How to Store Your Data in iCloud","slug":"how-to-store-your-data-in-icloud","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267203"}},{"articleId":267197,"title":"Safari Privacy: Safe Ways to Store Personal Info","slug":"safari-privacy-safe-ways-to-store-personal-info","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267197"}},{"articleId":267194,"title":"How to Use Touch ID on Your Mac","slug":"how-to-use-touch-id-on-your-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267194"}},{"articleId":266528,"title":"How to Customize Your MacBook’s Catalina Firewall","slug":"how-to-customize-your-macbooks-catalina-firewall","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/266528"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":282461,"slug":"personal-finance-workbook-for-dummies-2nd-edition","isbn":"9781118106259","categoryList":["business-careers-money","personal-finance","general-personal-finance"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1118106253/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1118106253/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1118106253-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1118106253/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1118106253/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/personal-finance-workbook-for-dummies-2nd-edition-cover-9781118106259-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Personal Finance Workbook For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":false,"authorsInfo":"<b data-author-id=\"9811\">Sheryl Garrett</b> is a Certified Financial Planner professional and founder of The Garrett Planning Network, Inc.","authors":[{"authorId":9811,"name":"Sheryl Garrett","slug":"sheryl-garrett","description":" <b>Sheryl Garrett</b> is a financial advisor, author, and speaker. She founded the Garrett Planning Network and is the author of <i>Personal Finance Workbook For Dummies</i>. <p><b>Sue Hoppin</b> is the Deputy Director for Spouse Outreach at the Military Officers Association of America. In 2007, Military Spouse magazine placed Sue on their 2007 Who's Who of Military Spouses list.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9811"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;macs&quot;,&quot;general-macs&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781118106259&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6452cb8f95c86\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;macs&quot;,&quot;general-macs&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781118106259&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6452cb8f963ad\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Articles","articleList":null,"content":null,"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-05-03T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":197098},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2018-04-16T00:12:56+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-04-25T18:45:28+00:00","timestamp":"2023-04-25T21:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33520"},"slug":"macs","categoryId":33520},{"name":"General Macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33523"},"slug":"general-macs","categoryId":33523}],"title":"10 Investing Tips for Success in Your 20s and 30s","strippedTitle":"10 investing tips for success in your 20s and 30s","slug":"10-essential-tips-investing-success-20s-30s","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Check out these ten time-tested investing principles that can pay you big dividends for many years to come.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Investing appears to be complicated and complex. But if you can take some relatively simple concepts to heart and adhere to them, you can greatly increase your success. Here are ten time-tested principles of investing success. Following these principles will pay you big dividends (and capital gains) for many years to come.\r\n<h3>Regularly save and invest 5 percent to 10 percent of your income</h3>\r\nUnless you enjoy a large inheritance, you should consistently save 5 percent to 10 percent of the money you’re earning. When should you start doing this? As soon as you begin earning money on a regular basis.\r\n\r\nPreferably, invest through a retirement savings account to reduce your taxes and ensure your future financial independence. You can reduce both your current federal and state income tax bills (on the contributions) as well as these ongoing bills (on the investment earnings).\r\n\r\nThe exact portion of your income you should be saving is driven by your goals and by your current financial assets and liabilities. Take the time to crunch some numbers to determine how much you should be saving monthly.\r\n<h3>Understand and use your employee benefits</h3>\r\nThe larger the employer, the more likely it is to offer avenues for you to invest conveniently through payroll deduction, and with possible tax benefits and discounts. Some companies enable you to buy company stock at a reduced price.\r\n\r\nOften, the most valuable benefit you have is a retirement savings plan, such as a 401(k) plan that enables you to make contributions and save on your current income taxation. Also, after the money is in the account, it can compound and grow over the years and decades without taxation.\r\n\r\nIf you’re self-employed, be sure to establish and use a retirement plan. Also take time to learn about the best investment options available to you — and use them.\r\n<h3>Thoroughly research before you invest</h3>\r\nThe allure of large expected returns too often is the enticement that gets novices hooked on a particular investment. That’s a whole lot more appealing than researching an investment. But research you must if you want to make an informed decision.\r\n\r\nBe sure you understand what you’re investing in. Don’t purchase any financial product that you don’t understand. Ask questions and compare what you’re being offered with the best sources I recommend. Beware of purchasing an investment on the basis of an advertisement or a salesperson’s solicitation.\r\n<h3>Shun investments with high commissions and expenses</h3>\r\nThe cost of the investments you buy is an important variable you can control. All fees must be disclosed in a prospectus, which you should always review before making any investment.\r\n<p class=\"article-tips warning\">Companies that sell their investment products through aggressive sales techniques generally have the worst financial products and the highest fees and commissions.</p>\r\n\r\n<h3>Invest the majority of your long-term money in ownership investments</h3>\r\nWhen you’re young, you have plenty of time to let your investments compound and grow. Likewise, you have time to recover from setbacks.\r\n\r\nSo with your long-term money, focus on investments that have appreciation potential, such as stocks, real estate, and your own business. When you invest in bonds or bank accounts, you’re simply lending your money to others and will earn a return that probably won’t keep you ahead of inflation and taxes.\r\n<h3>Avoid making emotionally based financial decisions</h3>\r\nSuccessful investors keep their composure when the going gets tough. You need the ability and wisdom to look beyond the current environment, understanding that it will change in the months and years ahead.\r\n\r\nYou don’t want to panic and sell your stock holdings after a major market correction, for example. In fact, you should consider such an event to be a buying opportunity for stocks. Be especially careful about making important financial decisions after a major life change, such as marriage, the birth of a child, a divorce, job loss, or a death in your family.\r\n<h3>Make investing decisions based on your plans and needs</h3>\r\nYour investment decisions should come out of your planning and your overall needs, goals, and desires. This requires looking at your overall financial situation first and then coming up with a comprehensive plan.\r\n\r\nDon’t be swayed and influenced by the predictive advice offered by various investment pundits or the latest news headlines and concerns. Trust that you know yourself and your financial situation better than anyone else does.\r\n<h3>Tap information sources with high-quality standards</h3>\r\nYou need to pare down the sources you use to keep up with investing news and the financial markets. Give priority to those that aren’t afraid to take a stand and recommend what’s in your best interests.\r\n\r\nThe public clearly has an appetite for opinion shows; on the political left, you have programs on CNN and MSNBC. On the political right, FOX has some popular conservative opinion shows.\r\n\r\nPolitical partisans distort the news rather than report the news, and they prevent you from better understanding what’s really going on so you can make informed decisions. Political partisans overstate the impact that the president and others can have over our economy and financial markets.\r\n<p class=\"article-tips remember\">Stay away from outlets that cater to advertisers or are driven by an ideological agenda.</p>\r\n\r\n<h3>Trust yourself first</h3>\r\nLook in the mirror. You’ll see the best financial person you can hire and trust. What may be missing is enough education and confidence to make more and better decisions on your own, which this book can assist you with doing.\r\n\r\nIf you need help making a major decision, hire conflict-free advisors who charge a fee for their time. Work in partnership with advisors. Never turn over or abdicate control.\r\n<h3>Invest in yourself and others</h3>\r\nDon’t get so wrapped up in making, saving, and investing money that you lose sight of what matters most to you. Invest in your education, your health, and your relationships with family members and friends.\r\n\r\nHaving a lot of money isn’t worth much if you don’t have your health and people with whom to share your life. Give your time and money to causes that better our society and our world.","description":"Investing appears to be complicated and complex. But if you can take some relatively simple concepts to heart and adhere to them, you can greatly increase your success. Here are ten time-tested principles of investing success. Following these principles will pay you big dividends (and capital gains) for many years to come.\r\n<h3>Regularly save and invest 5 percent to 10 percent of your income</h3>\r\nUnless you enjoy a large inheritance, you should consistently save 5 percent to 10 percent of the money you’re earning. When should you start doing this? As soon as you begin earning money on a regular basis.\r\n\r\nPreferably, invest through a retirement savings account to reduce your taxes and ensure your future financial independence. You can reduce both your current federal and state income tax bills (on the contributions) as well as these ongoing bills (on the investment earnings).\r\n\r\nThe exact portion of your income you should be saving is driven by your goals and by your current financial assets and liabilities. Take the time to crunch some numbers to determine how much you should be saving monthly.\r\n<h3>Understand and use your employee benefits</h3>\r\nThe larger the employer, the more likely it is to offer avenues for you to invest conveniently through payroll deduction, and with possible tax benefits and discounts. Some companies enable you to buy company stock at a reduced price.\r\n\r\nOften, the most valuable benefit you have is a retirement savings plan, such as a 401(k) plan that enables you to make contributions and save on your current income taxation. Also, after the money is in the account, it can compound and grow over the years and decades without taxation.\r\n\r\nIf you’re self-employed, be sure to establish and use a retirement plan. Also take time to learn about the best investment options available to you — and use them.\r\n<h3>Thoroughly research before you invest</h3>\r\nThe allure of large expected returns too often is the enticement that gets novices hooked on a particular investment. That’s a whole lot more appealing than researching an investment. But research you must if you want to make an informed decision.\r\n\r\nBe sure you understand what you’re investing in. Don’t purchase any financial product that you don’t understand. Ask questions and compare what you’re being offered with the best sources I recommend. Beware of purchasing an investment on the basis of an advertisement or a salesperson’s solicitation.\r\n<h3>Shun investments with high commissions and expenses</h3>\r\nThe cost of the investments you buy is an important variable you can control. All fees must be disclosed in a prospectus, which you should always review before making any investment.\r\n<p class=\"article-tips warning\">Companies that sell their investment products through aggressive sales techniques generally have the worst financial products and the highest fees and commissions.</p>\r\n\r\n<h3>Invest the majority of your long-term money in ownership investments</h3>\r\nWhen you’re young, you have plenty of time to let your investments compound and grow. Likewise, you have time to recover from setbacks.\r\n\r\nSo with your long-term money, focus on investments that have appreciation potential, such as stocks, real estate, and your own business. When you invest in bonds or bank accounts, you’re simply lending your money to others and will earn a return that probably won’t keep you ahead of inflation and taxes.\r\n<h3>Avoid making emotionally based financial decisions</h3>\r\nSuccessful investors keep their composure when the going gets tough. You need the ability and wisdom to look beyond the current environment, understanding that it will change in the months and years ahead.\r\n\r\nYou don’t want to panic and sell your stock holdings after a major market correction, for example. In fact, you should consider such an event to be a buying opportunity for stocks. Be especially careful about making important financial decisions after a major life change, such as marriage, the birth of a child, a divorce, job loss, or a death in your family.\r\n<h3>Make investing decisions based on your plans and needs</h3>\r\nYour investment decisions should come out of your planning and your overall needs, goals, and desires. This requires looking at your overall financial situation first and then coming up with a comprehensive plan.\r\n\r\nDon’t be swayed and influenced by the predictive advice offered by various investment pundits or the latest news headlines and concerns. Trust that you know yourself and your financial situation better than anyone else does.\r\n<h3>Tap information sources with high-quality standards</h3>\r\nYou need to pare down the sources you use to keep up with investing news and the financial markets. Give priority to those that aren’t afraid to take a stand and recommend what’s in your best interests.\r\n\r\nThe public clearly has an appetite for opinion shows; on the political left, you have programs on CNN and MSNBC. On the political right, FOX has some popular conservative opinion shows.\r\n\r\nPolitical partisans distort the news rather than report the news, and they prevent you from better understanding what’s really going on so you can make informed decisions. Political partisans overstate the impact that the president and others can have over our economy and financial markets.\r\n<p class=\"article-tips remember\">Stay away from outlets that cater to advertisers or are driven by an ideological agenda.</p>\r\n\r\n<h3>Trust yourself first</h3>\r\nLook in the mirror. You’ll see the best financial person you can hire and trust. What may be missing is enough education and confidence to make more and better decisions on your own, which this book can assist you with doing.\r\n\r\nIf you need help making a major decision, hire conflict-free advisors who charge a fee for their time. Work in partnership with advisors. Never turn over or abdicate control.\r\n<h3>Invest in yourself and others</h3>\r\nDon’t get so wrapped up in making, saving, and investing money that you lose sight of what matters most to you. Invest in your education, your health, and your relationships with family members and friends.\r\n\r\nHaving a lot of money isn’t worth much if you don’t have your health and people with whom to share your life. Give your time and money to causes that better our society and our world.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":8975,"name":"Eric Tyson","slug":"eric-tyson","description":" <p><b>Bruce Brammall</b> is a licensed financial adviser and mortgage broker, personal finance journalist, best-selling author and successful property investor. <b>Eric Tyson</b> and <b>Robert S. Griswold</b> are independently successful investors.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/8975"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":33523,"title":"General Macs","slug":"general-macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33523"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":251826,"title":"Investing in Your 20s and 30s: Tips to Maximize Your Stock Market Returns","slug":"investing-20s-30s-tips-maximize-stock-market-returns","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/251826"}},{"articleId":251823,"title":"Investing in Your 20s and 30s: Sidestep Common Minefields","slug":"investing-20s-30s-sidestep-common-minefields","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/251823"}},{"articleId":251820,"title":"Investing in Your 20s and 30s: Avoid Temptations and Hype","slug":"investing-20s-30s-avoid-temptations-hype","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/251820"}},{"articleId":251817,"title":"Investing in Your 20s and 30s: Alternatives to Money Market Mutual Funds","slug":"investing-20s-30s-alternatives-money-market-mutual-funds","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/251817"}},{"articleId":251814,"title":"Investing in Your 20s and 30s: Alternatives to Bank Accounts","slug":"investing-20s-30s-alternatives-bank-accounts","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/251814"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":267212,"title":"How to Establish an Apple Identity on a Mac","slug":"how-to-establish-an-apple-identity-on-a-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267212"}},{"articleId":267203,"title":"How to Store Your Data in iCloud","slug":"how-to-store-your-data-in-icloud","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267203"}},{"articleId":267197,"title":"Safari Privacy: Safe Ways to Store Personal Info","slug":"safari-privacy-safe-ways-to-store-personal-info","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267197"}},{"articleId":267194,"title":"How to Use Touch ID on Your Mac","slug":"how-to-use-touch-id-on-your-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267194"}},{"articleId":266528,"title":"How to Customize Your MacBook’s Catalina Firewall","slug":"how-to-customize-your-macbooks-catalina-firewall","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/266528"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":282312,"slug":"investing-in-your-20s-30s-for-dummies","isbn":"9781119805403","categoryList":["business-careers-money","personal-finance","investing","general-investing"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119805406/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119805406/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119805406-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119805406/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119805406/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/investing-in-your-20s-30s-for-dummies-3e-cover-9781119805403-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Investing in Your 20s & 30s For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":false,"authorsInfo":"<p><b data-author-id=\"8975\">Eric Tyson, MBA,</b> is a bestselling personal finance author, counselor, and writer. He is the author of the national bestselling financial books <i>Investing For Dummies, Personal Finance For Dummies,</i> and <i>Home Buying Kit For Dummies</i>.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":8975,"name":"Eric Tyson","slug":"eric-tyson","description":" <p><b>Bruce Brammall</b> is a licensed financial adviser and mortgage broker, personal finance journalist, best-selling author and successful property investor. <b>Eric Tyson</b> and <b>Robert S. Griswold</b> are independently successful investors.</p>","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/8975"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;macs&quot;,&quot;general-macs&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119805403&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-64483f8f1bbae\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;macs&quot;,&quot;general-macs&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119805403&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-64483f8f1c25d\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Articles","articleList":null,"content":null,"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"Five years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2022-09-15T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":251738},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:47:44+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-04-14T13:38:55+00:00","timestamp":"2023-04-14T15:01:02+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Chromebooks","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33515"},"slug":"chromebooks","categoryId":33515}],"title":"Chromebook For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"chromebook for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"chromebook-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Keep this Cheat Sheet handy as you learn how to use your Chromebook. It includes how to keep it updated, cloud printing, and more.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"The Chromebook is designed to rely heavily on the Internet for most of its functionality. Instead of a large hard drive, Chromebook relies primarily on cloud-based storage.\r\n\r\nIn place of many resident applications, Chromebook uses <a href=\"https://www.dummies.com/computers/pcs/chromebooks-pre-installed-apps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">web-based applications</a> that you access through the Google Web Store and Google Play Store. Because so many functions are obscure, some Chromebook settings — such as cloud printing, email vacation responders, and function keys — can be a little challenging to set up or use.\r\n\r\nThis Cheat Sheet shows you how to take advantage of these functions and shortcut keys.","description":"The Chromebook is designed to rely heavily on the Internet for most of its functionality. Instead of a large hard drive, Chromebook relies primarily on cloud-based storage.\r\n\r\nIn place of many resident applications, Chromebook uses <a href=\"https://www.dummies.com/computers/pcs/chromebooks-pre-installed-apps/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">web-based applications</a> that you access through the Google Web Store and Google Play Store. Because so many functions are obscure, some Chromebook settings — such as cloud printing, email vacation responders, and function keys — can be a little challenging to set up or use.\r\n\r\nThis Cheat Sheet shows you how to take advantage of these functions and shortcut keys.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9180,"name":"Peter H. Gregory","slug":"peter-h-gregory","description":"<b>Peter H. Gregory</b> is a cybersecurity leader and executive advisor at a global security advisory firm. 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Gregory</b></b> is a cybersecurity leader and executive advisor at a global security advisory firm. He is also a cybersecurity advisor and adjunct instructor for the University of Washington and the University of South Florida, and is the author of over 40 books.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":9180,"name":"Peter H. Gregory","slug":"peter-h-gregory","description":"<b>Peter H. Gregory</b> is a cybersecurity leader and executive advisor at a global security advisory firm. He is also a cybersecurity advisor and adjunct instructor for the University of Washington and the University of South Florida, and is the author of over 40 books.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9180"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;chromebooks&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781394168804&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-64396aaeab79e\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;chromebooks&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781394168804&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-64396aaeac4e0\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":147674,"title":"Cloud Printing on Your Chromebook","slug":"cloud-printing-on-your-chromebook","categoryList":["technology","computers","chromebooks"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/147674"}},{"articleId":147618,"title":"Setting a Vacation Responder on Your Chromebook","slug":"setting-a-vacation-responder-on-your-chromebook","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/147618"}},{"articleId":147617,"title":"Turning Chromebook's Shortcut Keys into Function Keys","slug":"turning-chromebooks-shortcut-keys-into-function-keys","categoryList":["technology","computers","chromebooks"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/147617"}}],"content":[{"title":"Cloud Printing on Your Chromebook","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Part of what makes Chromebook’s operating system, Chrome OS, so fast is its support of a limited number of hardware devices on the market, including printers. But that doesn’t mean that Chromebook’s users are limited. Thankfully, Google has rolled out a way to print over the web: cloud printing.</p>\n<p>Cloud printing allows you to connect a printer to the Internet and access it using your Google account. Several printers on the market are cloud-printing–enabled, but if your printer isn’t, don’t fret. You can still set it up for printing.</p>\n<p>To set up cloud printing with a classic printer (that is, one that isn’t Google cloud-printing–enabled), you need a computer — one that isn’t a Chromebook— and an Internet connection. Then follow these steps:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Plug your printer into your non-Chromebook computer and power it on.</li>\n<li>Open the Chrome browser on the computer.\n<p class=\"article-tips remember\">Ensure that you’re logged into Chrome with the same Google Account that you use to access your Chromebook. If you’re not, click the Disconnect Your Google Account button and then log in with the correct credentials before proceeding!</p>\n</li>\n<li>After the Chrome browser loads, click the Settings button in the top-right corner of the browser.<br />\nA menu appears.</li>\n<li>Click Settings.<br />\nYour Chrome browser settings appear.</li>\n<li>Click Show Advanced Settings.</li>\n<li>Click Printing.<br />\nSeveral additional options appear.</li>\n<li>In the Print section, choose Google Cloud Print.</li>\n<li>In the Google Cloud Print window, click Manage Cloud Print devices.<br />\nA list appears, displaying the devices on your network that are available to be registered with Google Cloud Print.</li>\n<li>Locate the Classic Printers section and click Add Printers.<br />\nA page loads, giving you the option to add every printer installed on your device.</li>\n<li>Deselect every printer except for the printer you just connected to your non-Chromebook computer; then click Add Printer.<br />\nA confirmation page appears.<br />\nAt this point, you can print from your Chromebook as long as the computer to which your classic printer is connected is turned on and connected to the Internet.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>To test that you successfully set up your printer for cloud printing, follow these steps:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>With your Chromebook, open a Chrome web browser.</li>\n<li>Click the Settings button in the top-right corner.<br />\nA menu appears.</li>\n<li>Click Print.<br />\nPrint options appear in a window.</li>\n<li>Click the printer in the Destination section on the left side of the screen.<br />\nThe Select a Destination window appears. Click See More to have the option to select a different printer destination.</li>\n<li>Select your cloud printer.<br />\nThe window disappears, and your selection is indicated in the Destination area of the print window.</li>\n<li>Click Print.<br />\nYour document prints to the selected printer.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>If your document didn’t print, ensure the following:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>The printer to which you’re printing is turned on.</li>\n<li>The computer that’s connected to your printer is turned on.</li>\n<li>The computer that’s connected to your printer is connected to the Internet.</li>\n<li>Chrome is open on the computer that’s connected to your printer.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"How to Set a Vacation Responder on Your Chromebook","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Whether you’re on vacation or just away from your desk, Chromebook allows you to create an auto-responder that sends an automated response, written by you, to every email you receive.</p>\n<p>The automated response is usually just a note saying that you’re out right now, but that you’ll get in touch when you get back. Then, when you return to your desk, you can get to the business of replying more formally and personally to the emails you received while you were away.</p>\n<p>To set up your vacation responder, follow these steps:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Open Gmail.</li>\n<li>Click the Settings icon in the top-right corner of the window.<br />\nIt looks like a little gear, and it opens the Settings window.</li>\n<li>In the Settings window, click See All Settings.<br />\nThe Settings editor appears in the main email area. You will be in the General tab.</li>\n<li>Scroll to the bottom of these settings to the Vacation Responder section and select the Vacation Responder On button.</li>\n<li>Enter the date of the first day you want your responder to begin working.<br />\nIf you know the date of the last day you want your vacation responder to be working, enter it. Otherwise skip it.<br />\nIf you do not set a last day for your vacation responder, you must turn your vacation responder on manually by selecting the Vacation Responder Off button. Otherwise, Gmail continues to automatically send replies to each email you receive forever.</li>\n<li>In the Subject field, enter the subject for your responder email.<br />\nFor example, you might call it “Out of Office” or “Vacation Auto-Responder.”</li>\n<li>In the large text box below the Subject field, type the message for your vacation responder email.<br />\nFor example, you might say, “I am away from my office until July 10. I will respond to your message as soon as possible when I return. If you need help immediately, please contact ____.</li>\n<li>If you want your auto-responder message to be sent only to people in your contacts, select the Only Send a Response to People in my Contacts check box.<br />\nFor instance, you might do this because you don&#8217;t want complete strangers to know you will not be at home.</li>\n<li>Click Save Changes.<br />\nNow, anyone who sends you an email while you’re away will receive your auto response.<br />\nPeople who send you frequent email messages will receive the auto-response message only once every four days.</li>\n</ol>\n"},{"title":"Chromebook Keyboard Shortcuts","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Numerous key combinations perform a litany of tasks on your Chromebook so that you don’t have to navigate and click your way through the Chrome OS menu system. The following tables show shortcut key combinations to make your experience on a Chromebook more intuitive and efficient.</p>\n<p>When you see a keyboard shortcut like Ctrl+N, you should press the Ctrl and N keys at the same time. When you see a keyboard shortcut like Ctrl+Shift+N, press the Ctrl, Shift, and N keys at the same time.</p>\n<p><strong>Shortcuts for Chromebook and apps</strong></p>\n<table width=\"603\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\"><strong>Shortcut</strong></td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\"><strong>Function</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+/</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Open the list of available keyboard shortcuts.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+/</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open Help center.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+Z</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Enable or disable accessibility features if you’re not signed in with a Google Account. If you are signed in, you can configure the accessibility feature on the Settings page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+O</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open a file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+W</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Close the current application window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+[</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Dock application window on the left side of the screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+]</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Dock application window on the right side of the screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Shift+=</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Move window to center of screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+=</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Maximize the application window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+-</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Minimize the application window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Search+M</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Move active window between displays.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Shift+Search+Esc</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Unpin an app from the shelf.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+T</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Reopen the last tab or window you’ve closed. Google Chrome remembers the last ten tabs you’ve closed.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+1 through Alt+8</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Activate shelf items 1 through 8.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Search+1 through Search+=</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Use F1 to F12.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+9</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the last icon on the shelf.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Tab</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the next window you have open.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Shift+Tab</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the previous window you have open.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Shift+Alt+L</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Place focus on the App Launcher.</p>\n<p>Press Tab or the right arrow to focus on the next item in the shelf</p>\n<p>Press Shift+Tab or the left arrow to focus on the previous item in the shelf.</p>\n<p>Press the spacebar or Enter to activate buttons, including page actions and browser actions.</p>\n<p>Press Shift+Increase Volume to open the context menu for the button (if available).</p>\n<p>Press Esc to return focus to the page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Shift+Search+Volume Up</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Open right-click menus for focused items.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+Shift+Reload Key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Rotate Window 360 degrees.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+Reload Key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Rotate display 90 degrees (you’ll be asked to confirm).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+=</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Zoom in entire screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Chift+-</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Zoom out entire screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+0 (zero)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Reset screen zoom level.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+(Reveal All Windows key)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Take a screen shot of the current window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+(Reveal All Windows key)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Take a screen shot of the entire screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Search+Esc</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Bring up the Task Manager.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Full Screen key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Toggle full screen.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Full Screen key (confirm)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Configure one or more monitors.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Full Screen key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Swap primary monitors.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Speaker Off key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Mute sound.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Shift+M</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the Files app.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+. (period)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Display hidden files in the Files app.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Select the file and press Space</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Preview a file in the Files app.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Shift+S</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the Status area.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Shift+N</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Display notifications.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Search key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open/Close the Launcher.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Shift+Search</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open/Close the full-screen Launcher.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Search+L</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Lock your Chromebook (requires your Chromebook password or PIN to unlock).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+Q</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Log out of the Chromebook.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+. (period)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Switch to the next Chromebook user.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+, (comma)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Switch to the previous Chromebook user.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+Shift+I (letter I)</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Send feedback to Google.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Shift+Search+L</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Put your Chromebook in sleep mode.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Brightness Up key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Make the display brighter.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Brightness Down key</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Make the display dimmer.</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<p><strong>Shortcuts for Chrome Browser Pages</strong></p>\n<table width=\"603\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\"><strong>Shortcut</strong></td>\n<td width=\"326\"><strong>Function</strong></td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\"><strong>Windows and Tabs</strong></td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+N</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open a new Chrome browser window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+N</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open a new Chrome browser window in incognito mode.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+T</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open a new Chrome browser tab.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+W</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Close the current Chrome browser tab.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+1 through Ctrl+8</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the Chrome browser tab at the specified position.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+9</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the last Chrome browser tab in the window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Tab</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the next Chrome browser tab in the window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+Tab</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the previous Chrome browser tab in the window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+click a link</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the link in a new Chrome browser tab in the background.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Shift+click a link</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the link in a new Chrome browser tab and switch to the newly opened tab.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Shift+click a link</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the link in a new Chrome browser window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Drag a link to a Chrome browser tab’s address bar</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the link in the Chrome browser tab.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Drag a link to a blank area on the Chrome browser tab strip</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the link in a new Chrome browser tab.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Type a URL in the address bar, then press Alt+Enter</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Open the URL in a new Chrome browser tab.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Press Esc while dragging a Chrome browser tab</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Return the Chrome browser tab to its original position.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\"><strong>Browsing History</strong></td>\n<td width=\"326\"></td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+H</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Open the History page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+left arrow</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to previous page in your Chrome browser browsing history.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+right arrow</td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"327\">Go to the next page in your Chrome browser browsing history.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\"><strong>Viewing Web Pages</strong></td>\n<td width=\"326\"></td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+up arrow</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Scroll up.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+down arrow</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Scroll down.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+left arrow</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Go to previous page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Alt+right arrow</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Go to next page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Spacebar</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Scroll down the web page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+up arrow</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Go to top of page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Alt+down arrow</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Go to bottom of page.</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Enter</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Add www. and .com to your input in the address bar and open the resulting URL</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"276\">Ctrl+Forward (the right arrow key near the Esc key) and Ctrl+Back (the left arrow key near the Esc key)</td>\n<td width=\"326\">Go to the next or previous one. Panes include:</p>\n<p>·         Status area, which contains the time, network icon, and battery icon in the bottom-right corner of the screen</p>\n<p>·         App Launcher</p>\n<p>·         Address bar</p>\n<p>·         Bookmarks bar (if visible)</p>\n<p>·         Web content (including any infobars)</p>\n<p>·         Downloads bar (if visible)</td>\n<td width=\"1\"></td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"Keeping your Chromebook up to date","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Part of what makes Chromebook’s operating system, ChromeOS, so appealing is its simplicity and ease of use. Keeping your Chromebook up to date is essential for correct functionality and vital for security.</p>\n<p>ChromeOS, your Chromebook’s operating system, does an excellent job of keeping itself up to date. To do this, follow these steps:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Open the Settings app. Click the clock area at the lower right corner of the screen, then click the little gear. The Settings app will open.</li>\n<li>In the menu on the left side of the Settings app, scroll down and click on About ChromeOS.</li>\n<li>If ChromeOS has recently downloaded an update, you will see the message, “Nearly up to date! Restart your device to finish updating.” Before you click Restart, make sure you don’t have any open work in progress, such as a photo you are editing, or an email message you are composing. When you’re ready, click Restart. Your Chromebook will reboot and will now run the latest version of ChromeOS.</li>\n<li>If you don’t see the message “Nearly up to date!” as noted in Step 3, you’ll see the button labeled Check for updates. Click that button. Most of the time, it will come back and tell you, “Your Chromebook is up to date.”</li>\n</ol>\n<p>The preceding steps are provided so that you can be sure that ChromeOS is up to date. If you never take these steps, your Chromebook will automatically download the latest ChromeOS when it is available.</p>\n<p>Then, your Chromebook will display a notification (shown below) that tells you that the new version of ChromeOS is available, directing you to restart your Chromebook to install the update.</p>\n<p class=\"article-tips tip\">Running the latest version of ChromeOS assures you your Chromebook operating system is stable and secure.</p>\n<div class=\"figure-container\"><figure id=\"attachment_298264\" aria-labelledby=\"figcaption_attachment_298264\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"width: 369px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-298264\" src=\"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/chromebook-update-message.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot showing ChromeOS update notification\" width=\"359\" height=\"239\" /><figcaption id=\"figcaption_attachment_298264\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">©Peter H. Gregory<br />ChromeOS update notification</figcaption></figure></div><div class=\"clearfix\"></div>\n<h3><strong>Keeping installed apps up to date</strong></h3>\n<p>A separate, easy procedure is used to keep your Chromebook’s installed apps up to date. The procedure is straightforward, and after you do this a couple of times, you’ll click right through it without having to think much about it. Follow these steps:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Open the Google Play app (click the Launcher and click on the Google Play icon). The Google Play app will start and open a new window.</li>\n<li>Click on your photo/avatar/initial in the upper-right corner of the Google Play window.</li>\n<li>Click on Manage apps &amp; device. The Manage apps &amp; device pane opens, displaying the Overview tab.</li>\n<li>In the Manage apps &amp; device window, you may see an “Updates available” message (see Figure 2). If so, click on Update all just beneath it. All of the apps that need an update will be automatically updated.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>You can also update apps one at a time by clicking See details and then clicking the Update button for each app you want to update.</p>\n<p>Click on See details if you want to view which apps need updating and observe the updates performed on each app. Your Chromebook will download and then install each one. When each update is installed, it will drop off the list until all have been completed.</p>\n<p>In the Manage apps &amp; device window, if you instead see the “All apps up to date” message, rest easy: You’re running the latest versions of everything on your Chromebook.</p>\n<p class=\"article-tips tip\">I recommend you do this simple procedure at least monthly. You can create a recurring calendar invite in your Google Calendar, or whatever calendar app you use.</p>\n<div class=\"figure-container\"><figure id=\"attachment_298266\" aria-labelledby=\"figcaption_attachment_298266\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"width: 545px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-298266\" src=\"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/chromebook-app-updates-notification.jpg\" alt=\"Screenshot showing using the Play Store to update Chromebook apps\" width=\"535\" height=\"301\" /><figcaption id=\"figcaption_attachment_298266\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">©Peter H. Gregory<br />Using the Play Store to update Chromebook apps</figcaption></figure></div><div class=\"clearfix\"></div>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Explore","lifeExpectancy":"Two years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-04-12T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":207612},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:48:02+00:00","modifiedTime":"2023-01-06T22:34:47+00:00","timestamp":"2023-01-07T00:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33520"},"slug":"macs","categoryId":33520},{"name":"General Macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33523"},"slug":"general-macs","categoryId":33523}],"title":"Macs All-in-One For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"macs all-in-one for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"macs-all-in-one-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Learn how to work quickly and efficiently on your Mac with these handy keyboard shortcuts, special feature keys, and mouse/trackpad actions.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Macs come in all shapes and sizes, but you turn all of them on and off, and do things with the keyboard and mouse or trackpad the same way. This Cheat Sheet of timesaving keyboard shortcuts, mouse and trackpad actions, Mac-related websites, and definitions can help you get the most from your Mac right away.","description":"Macs come in all shapes and sizes, but you turn all of them on and off, and do things with the keyboard and mouse or trackpad the same way. This Cheat Sheet of timesaving keyboard shortcuts, mouse and trackpad actions, Mac-related websites, and definitions can help you get the most from your Mac right away.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":11290,"name":"Paul McFedries","slug":"paul-mcfedries","description":"<strong>Paul McFedries </strong>has worked with, programmed, and, yes, talked to computers large and small since 1975. Although he's now primarily a writer, he has worked as a programmer, consultant, database developer, and website developer. McFedries has written more than 95 books that have sold more than 4 million copies worldwide.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/11290"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":33523,"title":"General Macs","slug":"general-macs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33523"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":267212,"title":"How to Establish an Apple Identity on a Mac","slug":"how-to-establish-an-apple-identity-on-a-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267212"}},{"articleId":267203,"title":"How to Store Your Data in iCloud","slug":"how-to-store-your-data-in-icloud","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267203"}},{"articleId":267197,"title":"Safari Privacy: Safe Ways to Store Personal Info","slug":"safari-privacy-safe-ways-to-store-personal-info","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267197"}},{"articleId":267194,"title":"How to Use Touch ID on Your Mac","slug":"how-to-use-touch-id-on-your-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267194"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":267212,"title":"How to Establish an Apple Identity on a Mac","slug":"how-to-establish-an-apple-identity-on-a-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267212"}},{"articleId":267203,"title":"How to Store Your Data in iCloud","slug":"how-to-store-your-data-in-icloud","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267203"}},{"articleId":267197,"title":"Safari Privacy: Safe Ways to Store Personal Info","slug":"safari-privacy-safe-ways-to-store-personal-info","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267197"}},{"articleId":267194,"title":"How to Use Touch ID on Your Mac","slug":"how-to-use-touch-id-on-your-mac","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/267194"}},{"articleId":266528,"title":"How to Customize Your MacBook’s Catalina Firewall","slug":"how-to-customize-your-macbooks-catalina-firewall","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/266528"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":281767,"slug":"macs-all-in-one-for-dummies-5th-edition","isbn":"9781119932765","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs","general-macs"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119932769/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119932769/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119932769-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119932769/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119932769/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/macs-all-in-one-for-dummies-6th-edition-cover-9781119932765-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Macs All-in-One For Dummies, 6th Edition","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><strong><b data-author-id=\"11290\">Paul McFedries</b> </strong>has worked with, programmed, and, yes, talked to computers large and small since 1975. Although he's now primarily a writer, he has worked as a programmer, consultant, database developer, and website developer. McFedries has written more than 95 books that have sold more than 4 million copies worldwide.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":11290,"name":"Paul McFedries","slug":"paul-mcfedries","description":"<strong>Paul McFedries </strong>has worked with, programmed, and, yes, talked to computers large and small since 1975. Although he's now primarily a writer, he has worked as a programmer, consultant, database developer, and website developer. McFedries has written more than 95 books that have sold more than 4 million copies worldwide.","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/11290"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;macs&quot;,&quot;general-macs&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119932765&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-63b8b63f633b9\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;macs&quot;,&quot;general-macs&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119932765&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-63b8b63f63c81\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":152858,"title":"Using Mac Special Feature Keys","slug":"using-mac-special-feature-keys","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152858"}},{"articleId":152892,"title":"Common Mac Application Shortcut Keystrokes","slug":"common-mac-application-shortcut-keystrokes","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152892"}},{"articleId":152834,"title":"Mac Shortcuts for International Letters and Symbols","slug":"mac-shortcuts-for-international-letters-and-symbols","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152834"}},{"articleId":152878,"title":"Mac Mouse and Trackpad Actions","slug":"mac-mouse-and-trackpad-actions","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152878"}}],"content":[{"title":"Using Mac special feature keys","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Newer Macs feature keyboards with a row of dedicated special feature keys marked with descriptive icons that also double as function (Fn) keys.</p>\n<p>For instance, the fifth key from the left is the one you press to open Launchpad, which displays all the applications on your Mac. Some special feature keys evoke a second special feature when you hold down the Fn key and then press the special feature key.</p>\n<p>From the Apple menu, choose System Settings, Keyboard, Keyboard Shortcuts to find all the default key command shortcuts (on the Shortcuts tab), turn on those you want to use, and then edit the key combinations to something easier for you.</p>\n<p>Here are the special feature keys you can press:</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"145\"><strong>Keystroke</strong></td>\n<td width=\"372\"><strong>What it Does</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F1</td>\n<td>Decreases the display brightness</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F2</td>\n<td>Increases the display brightness</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F3</td>\n<td>Displays Mission Control</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F4</td>\n<td>Regular keyboard: Displays Launchpad</p>\n<p>Magic Keyboard: Opens Spotlight</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F5</td>\n<td>Regular keyboard: Not assigned</p>\n<p>Backlit keyboard: Decreases backlight brightness</p>\n<p>Magic Keyboard: Enables dictation (press and hold down to activate Siri)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F6</td>\n<td>Regular keyboard: Not assigned</p>\n<p>Backlit keyboard: Increases backlight brightness</p>\n<p>Magic Keyboard: Toggles Do Not Disturb</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F7</td>\n<td>Rewinds the currently playing video or audio</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F8</td>\n<td>Pauses/plays the currently playing video or audio</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F9</td>\n<td>Fast-forwards the currently playing video or audio</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F10</td>\n<td>Mutes whatever sound is currently playing</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F11</td>\n<td>Decreases the sound volume</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>F12</td>\n<td>Increases the sound volume</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"Common Mac application shortcut keystrokes","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>No matter what app you’re running on your Mac, you can usually work faster and more efficiently by pressing a Mac keyboard shortcut rather than using the mouse or trackpad to point to a menu and select a command.</p>\n<p>The following table lists the most common Mac keyboard shortcuts that can speed up working with 99.99999 percent of all Mac apps.</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\"><strong>Keystroke</strong></td>\n<td width=\"295\"><strong>What it Does</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+N</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Creates a new file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+O</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Opens an existing file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+S</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Saves an active file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+F</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Finds text in an active file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+A</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Selects all items in the current area (window, text box, and so on).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+C</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Copies the selected item.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+X</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Cuts the selected item.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+V</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Pastes the most recently cut or copied item.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+P</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Displays the Print dialog.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+Z</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Undoes the most recent action.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+W</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Closes the active window.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Esc</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Cancels dialogs and closes pull-down menus.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Command+Q</td>\n<td width=\"295\">Quits an application.</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"Mac shortcuts for international letters and symbols","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>When writing, you may need to use a symbol or a letter with a diacritical mark, such as an accent (à) or a tilde (ñ). Holding down any of the letters in the following table opens a pop-up window with the variations of that letter and a number under each one. Type the number, and the variation appears in your document.</p>\n<p>For example, hold down A and then press 1 to type <strong>à</strong>. For uppercase letters, you add the Shift key. For example, hold down both Shift and A and then press 1 to type <strong>À</strong>a. This table shows the variations:</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\"><strong>Letter</strong></td>\n<td width=\"260\"><strong>Variations</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">A</td>\n<td width=\"260\">à á â ä æ ã å ā</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">C</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ç ć č</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">E</td>\n<td width=\"260\">è é ê ë ē ė ę</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">I</td>\n<td width=\"260\">î ï í î į ì</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">L</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ł</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">N</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ñ ń</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">O</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ô ö ò ó œ ø ō õ</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">S</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ß ś š</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">U</td>\n<td width=\"260\">û ü ù ú ū</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">Y</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ÿ</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"257\">Z</td>\n<td width=\"260\">ž ź ż</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<p>These variations appear when you use the U.S. English keyboard. If you add a keyboard for another language, you may see more or different variations.</p>\n<p>To add a keyboard, go to the Apple menu and choose System Settings; then click the Keyboard icon. Click the Edit button to the right of the Input Sources row and then click + (add) at the bottom left of the dialog that appears. Select the language you want, and then click the Add button. Click the Show Input Menu in Menu Bar switch on, and then click Done.</p>\n<p>When you’re working in a document and want to switch to a different language, click the Input menu button in the menu bar and select the language you want to use.</p>\n<p>You can quickly access some common symbols with the following key combinations.</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\"><strong>Combination</strong></td>\n<td width=\"295\"><strong>Result</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+2</td>\n<td width=\"295\">™</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+3</td>\n<td width=\"295\">£</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+4</td>\n<td width=\"295\">¢</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+8</td>\n<td width=\"295\">•</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+R</td>\n<td width=\"295\">®</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+G</td>\n<td width=\"295\">©</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"295\">Option+Shift+– (hyphen)</td>\n<td width=\"295\">—</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<p>To see all the key combinations, go to the Apple menu and choose System Settings and then Keyboard. Click the Edit button to the right of Input Sources, click the Show Input Menu in Menu Bar switch on, click Done, and then close System Settings. A button for the Input menu appears on the menu bar at the top of your screen. Click the Input menu button and choose Show Keyboard Viewer. A graphic representation of the keyboard appears on your screen.</p>\n<p>Do one of the following three actions: Hold down Shift, hold down Option, or hold down Shift+Option. The keyboard changes to show the letter or symbol that will be typed when you now hold down Shift, Option, or Shift+Option and type a letter or number.</p>\n<p>There are five gold option keys. If you hold down the Option key, press one of the gold keys, release the Option key, and then press another letter, the accent associated with the gold key appears on the letter you typed. For example, press Option+E, and then type <strong>a</strong>. The result is á.</p>\n"},{"title":"Mac mouse and trackpad actions","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Using your Mac’s mouse or trackpad can be a real drag — in a good way! That’s because <em>drag</em> (as well as <em>click</em> and <em>right-click</em>) describes how you use your Mac’s mouse and trackpad to do things with windows, icons, and other items on the screen.</p>\n<p>The following table lists Mac mouse and trackpad action terms and what they mean.</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\"><strong>Action</strong></td>\n<td width=\"192\"><strong>How to Do It</strong></td>\n<td width=\"225\"><strong>Purpose</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Click</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Quickly press and release the mouse button. Press the trackpad bar or the lower part of the trackpad if there is no trackpad bar. On a Magic Mouse or Magic Trackpad, tap anywhere on the surface. (Choose Settings, Trackpad, and then Tap to Click.)</td>\n<td width=\"225\">Select an item or menu command.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Double-click</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Press the mouse or trackpad button down twice in rapid succession. Tap twice on the surface of a Magic Mouse or Magic Trackpad.</td>\n<td width=\"225\">Select and open an item. Also used in word processors to select an entire word.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Triple-click</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Press the mouse or trackpad button down three times in rapid succession. Tap three times on the surface of a Magic Mouse or Magic Trackpad.</td>\n<td width=\"225\">Used in many word processors to select an entire paragraph.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Click and drag</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Point to an item, hold down the mouse or trackpad button, and move the mouse or drag your finger across the trackpad, and then release the mouse or trackpad button.</td>\n<td width=\"225\">To move an item from one location to another or draw a line in a graphics application. To select multiple items, click and drag around them; selected items are highlighted.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Right-click</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Quickly press and release the right mouse button. With a Magic Mouse or Magic Trackpad, tap the surface using two fingers. (Choose Settings, Trackpad, and then Click or Tap with Two Fingers in the Secondary Click list.)</td>\n<td width=\"225\">Point to an item and view a shortcut menu of commands for manipulating that item.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Control-click (an alternative to right-clicking when your mouse has just one button)</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Hold down the Control key, press the mouse button, and release. With a Magic Mouse or Magic Trackpad, hold down the Control key and tap the surface.</td>\n<td width=\"225\">Point to an item and view a shortcut menu of commands for manipulating that item.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"100\">Scroll</td>\n<td width=\"192\">Roll the wheel or ball near the front and middle of the mouse. On a Magic Mouse, move one finger up and down or left and right on the surface. On a trackpad, move two fingers up and down or left and right on the surface.</td>\n<td width=\"225\">To scroll a window up/down or right/left.</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Explore","lifeExpectancy":"Two years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2023-01-06T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":207685},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:46:50+00:00","modifiedTime":"2022-12-08T22:03:20+00:00","timestamp":"2022-12-09T18:01:03+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Basic Skills","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33514"},"slug":"basic-skills","categoryId":33514}],"title":"Laptops For Seniors For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"laptops for seniors for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"laptops-for-seniors-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"If you're new to the world of laptop computers, this Cheat Sheet will guide you through the basics of buying and using a Windows laptop.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Laptops offer a world of convenience for seniors, but they can be a little intimidating, too. To get started off right, see this checklist for what to look for before buying your laptop. After you’ve purchased your laptop, follow these care and maintenance tips to prolong its life.\r\n\r\nTo round out your experience, here are some handy keyboard shortcuts for getting things done fast in Windows.","description":"Laptops offer a world of convenience for seniors, but they can be a little intimidating, too. To get started off right, see this checklist for what to look for before buying your laptop. After you’ve purchased your laptop, follow these care and maintenance tips to prolong its life.\r\n\r\nTo round out your experience, here are some handy keyboard shortcuts for getting things done fast in Windows.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9025,"name":"Faithe Wempen","slug":"faithe-wempen","description":" <p><b>Nancy C. Muir</b> is the owner of a writing and consulting company that specializes in business and technology topics. She is the author of more than 100 books, and she has taught technology courses online. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9025"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":33514,"title":"Basic Skills","slug":"basic-skills","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33514"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":248604,"title":"How to Run a Scan on Your Windows 10 Laptop with Windows Defender","slug":"run-scan-windows-10-laptop-windows-defender","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248604"}},{"articleId":248601,"title":"Understanding Windows Update Options","slug":"understanding-windows-update-options","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248601"}},{"articleId":248598,"title":"Understanding Security Threats to Your Windows 10 Laptop","slug":"understanding-security-threats-windows-10-laptop","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248598"}},{"articleId":248595,"title":"How to Go Online Using Your Laptop’s Cellular Network","slug":"go-online-using-laptops-cellular-network","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248595"}},{"articleId":248588,"title":"How to Use Microsoft’s Discussion Board","slug":"use-microsofts-discussion-board","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248588"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":248604,"title":"How to Run a Scan on Your Windows 10 Laptop with Windows Defender","slug":"run-scan-windows-10-laptop-windows-defender","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248604"}},{"articleId":248601,"title":"Understanding Windows Update Options","slug":"understanding-windows-update-options","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248601"}},{"articleId":248598,"title":"Understanding Security Threats to Your Windows 10 Laptop","slug":"understanding-security-threats-windows-10-laptop","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248598"}},{"articleId":248595,"title":"How to Go Online Using Your Laptop’s Cellular Network","slug":"go-online-using-laptops-cellular-network","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248595"}},{"articleId":248588,"title":"How to Use Microsoft’s Discussion Board","slug":"use-microsofts-discussion-board","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/248588"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":281752,"slug":"laptops-for-seniors-for-dummies","isbn":"9781394152162","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1394152167/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1394152167/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1394152167-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1394152167/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1394152167/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/laptops-for-seniors-for-dummies-6th-edition-cover-9781394152162-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"Laptops For Seniors For Dummies, 6th Edition","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><p><b>Nancy C. Muir</b> is the owner of a writing and consulting company that specializes in business and technology topics. She is the author of more than 100 books, and she has taught technology courses online.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":9025,"name":"Faithe Wempen","slug":"faithe-wempen","description":" <p><b>Nancy C. Muir</b> is the owner of a writing and consulting company that specializes in business and technology topics. She is the author of more than 100 books, and she has taught technology courses online. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9025"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;basic-skills&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781394152162&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-639377dfb4280\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;basic-skills&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781394152162&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-639377dfb4ae6\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":140106,"title":"Shopping for a Laptop Checklist","slug":"shopping-for-a-laptop-checklist","categoryList":["technology","computers","pcs"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/140106"}},{"articleId":140107,"title":"Laptop Care and Maintenance Tips","slug":"laptop-care-and-maintenance-tips","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/140107"}},{"articleId":140144,"title":"Windows Keystroke Shortcuts for Your Laptop","slug":"10-windows-keystroke-shortcuts-for-your-laptop","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/140144"}},{"articleId":141016,"title":"10 Useful Websites For Seniors","slug":"10-useful-websites-for-seniors","categoryList":["technology","computers","basic-skills"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/141016"}}],"content":[{"title":"Checklist for buying a laptop","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>When you’re purchasing your laptop, consider what type would work best for you and take into account the features that you find most important. Consider these features:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Memory:</strong> Your laptop should have at least 4 gigabytes (GB) of RAM.</li>\n<li><strong>Processor:</strong> Most processors today are multiple-core processors, such as the i3, i5, and i7 processor lines from Intel. Those with two processors are called <em>dual-core;</em> those with four processors are called <em>quad-core;</em> and processors with six cores are referred to as <em>hexa-core</em>. The bottom line with cores is that the more you have, the faster your computer can process instructions because all the cores can work at once with many applications.</li>\n<li><strong>Battery life: </strong>If you will often be using your laptop in settings without a power source, such as on a plane or in the doctor’s waiting room, look for a model with long battery life. Some offer 10 hours or more.</li>\n<li><strong>Keyboard:</strong> Make sure the keyboard feels comfortable to you. The keyboards on very small laptops may make your wrists bend uncomfortably if you type on them for long stretches.</li>\n<li><strong>Screen:</strong> Laptops come with screens that range from 9 inches on mini laptops to 17-inch models that are easy to see — even without great vision. A 15-inch monitor is comfortable for most people, but if you do work with higher-end images or watch videos, consider a larger screen as larger screens may be easier on your eyes. Consider getting a touchscreen to take advantage of all of Windows touchscreen features.</li>\n<li><strong>CD/DVD drive:</strong> Laptops used to all come with a CD or DVD drive, but nowadays it’s uncommon because software is distributed mainly online, rather than via discs. If a laptop is right for you in other ways but doesn’t have a CD/DVD drive, consider opting for an external drive.</li>\n<li><strong>Type of hard drive:</strong> Laptops have traditionally used hard drives to store programs and data. In many laptops today, though, a solid state drive (SSD) is used in place of a hard disk drive (HDD). The access speed (how fast your computer retrieves data) of solid-state drives is much higher than the access speed of hard drives. If you need a laptop that starts up quickly and loads applications and data files in the blink of an eye, look for one with a solid-state drive.</li>\n<li><strong>Wireless capability:</strong> To connect to some wireless devices and networks, you need wireless capability.</li>\n<li><strong>Included software:</strong> Some laptops come with utility programs such as antivirus software or productivity software such as Microsoft Office. Be aware that some software offers only a short-term trial version and you have to pay to buy the full version upgrade.</li>\n<li><strong>Manufacturer support:</strong> Check the warranty and technical support available. Also check for helpful documentation on the manufacturer’s website.</li>\n<li><strong>Graphics and sound cards:</strong> If you want to use multimedia or game software, look for sophisticated sound and video features such as a display adapter that is separate from the motherboard.</li>\n<li><strong>A webcam: </strong>If you will be calling your friends or grandchildren over a service such as Zoom or Google Meet, it’s useful to have a built-in webcam to transmit video images while talking. Most computers today include a webcam located just above the display screen.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Computer care and maintenance tips","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>You need to perform some basic maintenance on your computer to keep it running in top shape. Here’s some advice to keep your laptop secure and performing optimally:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Windows Firewall:</strong> Turn on the Windows Firewall feature to stop people and programs from downloading malicious code and viruses to your computer from the Internet. It is probably already on.</li>\n<li><strong>Antivirus software:</strong> You can use anti-malware software such as Windows Defender, which comes with all Windows computers, or a third-party security program such as McAfee, to scan your computer and remove malware.</li>\n<li><strong>Use System Restore:</strong> You can create a System Restore Point to save current settings and revert to those settings if your computer begins having problems. This can happen after installing a new program or driver for hardware.</li>\n<li><strong>Optimize your hard drive: </strong>Optimizing your hard drive relocates files so all parts of each file are contiguously stored; this modestly improves disk access time on traditional hard disk drives (HDDs). It’s not useful on solid-state drives (SSDs).</li>\n<li><strong>Battery life:</strong> All batteries wear out, and your laptop’s battery is no different. If your battery doesn’t hold a charge as long as it used to, consider buying a replacement battery from the manufacturer.</li>\n<li><strong>Perform a Disk Cleanup:</strong> Use the Disk Cleanup feature to free up some disk space on your hard drive. This helps your computer perform better.</li>\n<li><strong>Set up a password:</strong> By assigning a password to your Windows user account, you may prevent people from accessing your files and personal data.</li>\n<li><strong>Protect your laptop from damage:</strong> Invest in a good case for your laptop to protect it from damage when travelling. You might also want a screen protector, which is a thin sheet of plastic that you place across your screen to prevent scratches.</li>\n<li><strong>Consider using a picture password:</strong> If your laptop is in a spot where other people surround you, consider using a picture password, which is almost impossible for people to get past.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Windows keystroke shortcuts","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Use the following Windows keystroke shortcuts to handle common activities, such as cutting and pasting text, quickly and easily, or opening commonly used windows.</p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\"><strong>Key or Keystroke Combination</strong></td>\n<td width=\"323\"><strong>Effect</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Ctrl+X</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Cuts the selected text or object</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Ctrl+C</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Copies the selected text or object</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Ctrl+V</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Pastes copied or cut text or object</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Ctrl+Z</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Undoes the previous action</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Alt+Tab</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Switches between currently open app</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Windows Key</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Displays the Start menu</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Win+S</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Opens Cortana</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Win+I</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Displays the Settings window</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Win+L</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Displays the Lock screen</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Win+A</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Displays the Action Center</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Win+E</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Displays File Explorer</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"323\">Win+Tab</td>\n<td width=\"323\">Displays Task View</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"Two years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2022-12-08T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":207429},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2021-09-22T16:22:20+00:00","modifiedTime":"2022-11-15T19:58:38+00:00","timestamp":"2022-11-15T21:01:02+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Operating Systems","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33524"},"slug":"operating-systems","categoryId":33524},{"name":"MacOS","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33527"},"slug":"macos","categoryId":33527},{"name":"Monterey","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34619"},"slug":"monterey","categoryId":34619}],"title":"MacOS Monterey For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"macos monterey for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"macos-monterey-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"You'll know Jack with Monterey! This MacOS will make your Mac easier to use if you learn these shortcuts and recommendations.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Whether you’ve purchased a new Mac with macOS Monterey pre-installed or you’ve upgraded from a previous version of macOS, you’ll find that Monterey makes your Mac easier to use and offers myriad improvements to make you more productive.\r\n\r\nThis Cheat Sheet includes information on things you should never do to your Mac; a compendium of useful and timesaving keyboard shortcuts; a discussion of when folders are too full and when (and when not) to create subfolders; recommendations for backing up data; and a short discussion of iDevices and Continuity.","description":"Whether you’ve purchased a new Mac with macOS Monterey pre-installed or you’ve upgraded from a previous version of macOS, you’ll find that Monterey makes your Mac easier to use and offers myriad improvements to make you more productive.\r\n\r\nThis Cheat Sheet includes information on things you should never do to your Mac; a compendium of useful and timesaving keyboard shortcuts; a discussion of when folders are too full and when (and when not) to create subfolders; recommendations for backing up data; and a short discussion of iDevices and Continuity.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":8989,"name":"Bob LeVitus","slug":"bob-levitus","description":" <p><b>Edward C. Baig</b> is the former Personal Technology columnist at <i>USA Today</i> and current contributing writer at AARP. He makes frequent appearances on TV, radio, and podcasts and is the author of <i>Macs For Dummies</i>.</p> <p><b> Bob &#8220;Dr. Mac&#8221; LeVitus</b> has written or cowritten over 90 popular computer books, including <i>macOS Monterey For Dummies</i> and <i>GarageBand For Dummies</i>. He has also written for the <i>Houston Chronicle and Mac Observer</i> for over twenty years. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/8989"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":34619,"title":"Monterey","slug":"monterey","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/34619"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[],"fromCategory":[]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":288172,"slug":"macos-monterey-for-dummies","isbn":"9781119836964","categoryList":["technology","computers","macs"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119836964/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119836964/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119836964-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119836964/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119836964/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":"https://www.dummies.com/wp-content/uploads/macos-monterey-for-dummies-cover-9781119836964-203x255.jpg","width":203,"height":255},"title":"macOS Monterey For Dummies","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><p><b>Edward C. Baig</b> is the former Personal Technology columnist at <i>USA Today</i> and current contributing writer at AARP. He makes frequent appearances on TV, radio, and podcasts and is the author of <i>Macs For Dummies</i>.</p> <p><b> Bob &#8220;Dr. Mac&#8221; LeVitus</b> has written or cowritten over 90 popular computer books, including <i>macOS Monterey For Dummies</i> and <i>GarageBand For Dummies</i>. He has also written for the <i>Houston Chronicle and Mac Observer</i> for over twenty years.</p>","authors":[{"authorId":8989,"name":"Bob LeVitus","slug":"bob-levitus","description":" <p><b>Edward C. Baig</b> is the former Personal Technology columnist at <i>USA Today</i> and current contributing writer at AARP. He makes frequent appearances on TV, radio, and podcasts and is the author of <i>Macs For Dummies</i>.</p> <p><b> Bob &#8220;Dr. Mac&#8221; LeVitus</b> has written or cowritten over 90 popular computer books, including <i>macOS Monterey For Dummies</i> and <i>GarageBand For Dummies</i>. He has also written for the <i>Houston Chronicle and Mac Observer</i> for over twenty years. ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/8989"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;operating-systems&quot;,&quot;macos&quot;,&quot;monterey&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119836964&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6373fe0ebd9ca\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;operating-systems&quot;,&quot;macos&quot;,&quot;monterey&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119836964&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6373fe0ebe27b\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":0,"title":"","slug":null,"categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/"}}],"content":[{"title":"What not to do with your Mac running Monterey","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Treat your Mac and macOS Monterey with care. To keep your work and leisure projects safe, never do any of these things with your Mac:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Never shut off your Mac by pulling the plug. </strong>Always use the Shut Down command from the Apple menu in Monterey (or press the power button and then click the Shut Down button).\n<p class=\"tip\">If you’re using a laptop, you can usually get away with pulling the plug while it’s running because the battery automatically kicks in. The only caveat is that if your battery is totally depleted, damaged, or missing entirely, you could suffer directory damage or data loss by pulling the plug. Just use the Shut Down command, and you’ll sleep well.</p>\n</li>\n<li><strong>Never bump, drop, shake, wobble, dribble, drop-kick, or play catch with a hard drive while it’s running Monterey.</strong> Don’t forget that your desktop Mac has a hard or solid-state drive inside it, too.</li>\n<li><strong>Never get up from your Mac without saving your work.</strong> Just before your butt leaves the chair, your fingers should press Command+S (the keyboard shortcut in macOS that saves your work). Make it a habit.</li>\n<li><strong>Never keep only one copy of your important documents. </strong>Make at least two backup copies and keep one of them in another physical location. Period.</li>\n<li><strong>Never clean your monitor with a glass cleaner, such as Windex (or another product not designed to be used on a video display). </strong>And nix the paper towels or tissues, too. Use a soft cloth (microfiber is best) to avoid scratching the display.</li>\n<li><strong>Never pay attention to anyone who says that Windows is just like the Mac. </strong>Yeah, right. And a Kia is just like a Porsche.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Handy keyboard shortcuts for macOS Monterey","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>Make your work go faster with these macOS Monterey keyboard shortcuts. Print this chart and refer to it while using macOS Monterey.</p>\n<table width=\"546\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\"><strong>Command</strong></td>\n<td width=\"273\"><strong>Keyboard Shortcut</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Add Selected Item to Dock</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Control+Shift+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Add Selected Item to Sidebar</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Control+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Close All Windows</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option+W</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Close Window</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+W</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Copy</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+C</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Cut</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+X</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Duplicate</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+D</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Eject Disk</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+E</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Empty Trash</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+Delete</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Find</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+F</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Get Info (on selected item or items)</p>\n<p>Get Info Inspector (on multiple selected items)</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+I</p>\n<p>Command+Option+I</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Go to Recents</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+F</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Go to Applications Folder</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+A</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Go to Desktop</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+D</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Go to Documents Folder</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+O</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Go to Home Folder</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+H</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Help</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+?</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Hide Current Application</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+H</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Hide Other Applications</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option+H</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Log Out Current User</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+Q</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Make Alias</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+L</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Minimize Window</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+M</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Mission Control: All Windows</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Control+Up Arrow (F3 on Apple keyboards)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Mission Control: Application Windows</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Control+Down Arrow (Control+F3 on Apple keyboards)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Mission Control: Show Desktop</td>\n<td width=\"273\">F11 (fn+F11 on laptops) (Command+F3 on Apple keyboards)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Move to Trash</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Delete</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">New Finder Window</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+N</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">New Folder</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+N</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">New Smart Folder</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option+N</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Next Window</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+`</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Open</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+O</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Paste</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+V</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Quick Look (at selected item)</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Y or Spacebar</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Redo</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+Z</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Select All</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+A</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show Original (of selected alias)</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+R</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show View Options</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+J</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show/Hide Dock</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option+D</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show/Hide Path Bar</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option +P</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show/Hide Sidebar</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option +S</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show/Hide Status Bar</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+/</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show/Hide Tab Bar</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Shift+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Show/Hide Toolbar</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Option+T</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Turn VoiceOver On/Off</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+F5 (fn+F5 on laptops)</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">Undo</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+Z</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">View Window as Columns</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+3</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">View Window as Gallery</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+4</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">View Window as Icons</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+1</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"273\">View Window as List</td>\n<td width=\"273\">Command+2</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"Tabbing around Monterey's Save and Save As sheets","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>In the expanded view of macOS Monterey&#8217;s Save or Save As sheets, if you press the Tab key while the Save As field is active, it becomes inactive and the Tags field becomes active. Press Tab again, and the Search field becomes active. Press Tab again and the sidebar becomes active. And if you press Tab again, the Save As field will, once again, be active.</p>\n<p>That’s because the Save As field, the Tags and Search fields, and the sidebar are mutually exclusive, and only one can be active at any time. You can always tell which item is active by the thin blue border around it.</p>\n<p>When you want to switch to a different folder to save a file, click the folder in the sidebar or click anywhere in the file list box to make the file list active. The following tricks help you get a hold on this whole active/inactive silliness:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>If you type while the file list box is active, the list box selects the folder that most closely matches the letter(s) that you type.</strong> It’s a little strange because you won’t see what you type: You’ll be typing blind, so to speak.</li>\n<li><strong>When the file list is active, the letters that you type don’t appear in the Save As field. </strong>If you want to type a filename, you have to activate the Save As field again (by clicking in it or using the Tab key) before you can type in it.</li>\n<li><strong>If you type while the sidebar is active, nothing happens. </strong>You can, however, use the up- and down-arrow keys to move around in the sidebar.</li>\n<li><strong>Pressing Shift reverses the order of the sequence. </strong>If you press Shift+Tab, the active item moves from the Save As field to the Sidebar to the Search box and back to the Save As field again.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Creating subfolders in macOS Monterey . . . or not","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>How full is too full? When should you begin creating subfolders in Monterey? That’s impossible to say, at least in a one-size-fits-all way, but having too many items in a folder can be a nightmare — as can having too many subfolders with just one or two files in each one.</p>\n<p>If you find more than 15 or 20 files in a single folder, begin thinking about ways to subdivide it. On the other hand, some of your biggest subfolders might contain things that you don’t often access, such as a Correspondence 2001 folder. Because you don’t use it often, its overcrowded condition might not bother you.</p>\n<p>Here are some tips to help you decide whether to use subfolders or just leave well enough alone:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Don’t create subfolders until you need them. </strong>That way, you avoid opening an empty folder when you’re looking for something else — a complete waste of time.</li>\n<li><strong>Let your work style decide the file structure. </strong>When you first start working with your Mac, you may want to save everything in your Documents folder for a while. When a decent-size group of documents has accumulated in the Documents folder, consider taking a look at them and creating logical subfolders for them.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Dr. Mac's backup recommendations","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>When working in macOS Monterey, would you like to ensure that you won’t lose more than a little work no matter what happens — even if your office burns, floods, is destroyed by tornado, hurricane, or earthquake, or robbed? If so, you might want to follow the setup described here.</p>\n<p>I am continually testing new backup solutions, so the software I use can change from month to month. I’ve tried most of the popular backup solutions and many of the more obscure ones, but before I say anything about my current setup, here is what I’m trying to accomplish (at a minimum): I want at least three (reasonably) current backup sets with copies of all my files.</p>\n<p>I update two of them every day and keep the third somewhere offsite, such as in a safe deposit box at the bank. Every month or two, I swap the offsite backup for the latest backup from home — and then reuse the older backup disk.<br />\nNote that after I set up the following programs, they run automatically in the background with no further action on my part. Think of this as a “set and forget” feature.</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>My first line of defense is macOS’s excellent Time Machine. </strong>There’s no excuse not to use it. But although Time Machine maintains multiple copies of files, they’re all stored on the same disk. If something’s worth backing up to one place, it’s worth backing up three times.\n<p class=\"tip\">Note that you can add a second or third backup disk (or more) to Time Machine if you like. Just click Select Disk in the Time Machine System Preferences pane, select the disk, and choose Use Both (or All) in the dialog that appears so that Time Machine rotates among the disks. Alas, even if you have two or more Time Machine backup disks, they’re still all stored in the same room.</p>\n</li>\n<li><strong>And so, in addition to Time Machine, I use the excellent <a href=\"https://www.backblaze.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Backblaze </a>($6 per month for unlimited cloud storage).</strong> I use it to back up everything that matters, so I have a copy in the cloud, just in case. I consider it a bargain at $6 per month.</li>\n<li><strong>Every night at midnight, </strong><a href=\"https://www.bombich.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Carbon Copy Cloner</strong></a><strong> ($39.99) <em>clones</em> (duplicates) my startup disk to another hard drive. </strong>This provides me a bootable backup I can use with almost any other Mac.</li>\n<li><strong>Finally, I use Dropbox to synchronize current projects among several Macs and my iPhone and iPad, giving me additional backup copies of important files. </strong>This also ensures that the most current version of the file is available from all my devices.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>One last thing: I test the integrity of each backup regularly, and so should you. Just restore a few files and confirm they’re usable. Carbon Copy Cloner has a setting that checks every file for corruption, which I use once a month to ensure that the files in my backups aren’t corrupted or damaged and can be restored successfully.</p>\n"},{"title":"10 favorite websites for macOS Monterey users","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>To learn about all things Macintosh and macOS Monterey, hop onto the web, check out these sites, and stuff your brain with Mac information:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.macobserver.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The Mac Observer</strong></a> offers insightful opinion pieces in addition to the usual Apple news and product reviews. The quality and depth of the writing at <em>The Mac Observer </em>is superior to most other sites covering the Apple beat.<br />\nDisclosure: I’m proud to be a columnist at <em>The Mac Observer, </em>and even prouder to have been doing it for nearly two decades.</li>\n<li>The <strong><a href=\"https://support.apple.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Apple support site </a></strong>and <a href=\"https://discussions.apple.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Apple support communities</strong></a> are treasure troves of tech notes, software update information, troubleshooting tips, and documentation for most Apple products.</li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://www.download.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Download.com</a></strong>, the site formerly known as VersionTracker is the place to go to find freeware, shareware, and software updates for macOS. If this site doesn’t have it, it probably doesn’t exist.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.macworld.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Macworld</strong></a> describes itself as “your best source for all things Apple,” and it’s not far from the truth. <em>Macworld</em> is especially strong for comparative reviews of Mac and iPhone/iPad products. If you want to find out which inkjet printer or digital camera is the best in its price class, Macworld.com probably has feature comparison charts and real-world test results.</li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://www.tidbits.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TidBITS</a></strong> bills itself as “thoughtful, detailed coverage of everything Apple for 30 years,” but there’s much more to <em>TidBITS </em>than just news. You can also find thoughtful commentary, in-depth analysis, and detailed product reviews, written and edited by pros who really know the Apple ecosystem.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.sixcolors.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Six Colors</strong></a> is Jason Snell’s magazine on the web. The former editor for <em>Macworld</em> magazine for over a decade, he and his team provide daily coverage of Apple, other technology companies, and the intersection of technology and culture. Six Colors has been around for a few years, and the writing continues to get stronger, more opinionated, and even more fun to read.</li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://thewirecutter.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Wirecutter </a></strong>is where I go to see what experts consider the best peripherals, tech tools, and toys. Now a <em>New York Times</em> company, Wirecutter has the resources to objectively evaluate many products in a category and declare one of them the “best.”</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://eshop.macsales.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Other World Computing</strong></a> is my favorite maker of accessories and peripherals for Macs. They have a wide array of storage upgrade kits and memory upgrades that are guaranteed for life, as well as great documentation and instructional videos.</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://www.dealmac.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>DealMac</strong></a> is the place to shop for deals on Mac stuff. With a motto like “How to go broke saving money,” this site is often the first to find out about sale prices, rebates, and other bargain opportunities on upgrades, software, peripherals, and more.</li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https://www.apple.com/shop/refurbished\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Apple’s Refurbished and Clearance Store</a></strong> can save you up to 30 percent on like-new Apple products.</li>\n</ul>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"One year","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2021-09-22T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":288510},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2016-03-27T16:48:00+00:00","modifiedTime":"2022-11-01T20:05:10+00:00","timestamp":"2022-11-01T21:01:02+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"Operating Systems","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33524"},"slug":"operating-systems","categoryId":33524},{"name":"Linux","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33526"},"slug":"linux","categoryId":33526}],"title":"Linux All-in-One For Dummies Cheat Sheet","strippedTitle":"linux all-in-one for dummies cheat sheet","slug":"linux-all-in-one-for-dummies-cheat-sheet","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"These common Linux commands and information on how to access Linux help pages with help you work efficiently with the operating system.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"Linux can fulfill almost any need you have for the operating system on a desktop computer, but you must be able to tell it what you want to do in a way that it understands. You need to know common commands and how to access the help pages.","description":"Linux can fulfill almost any need you have for the operating system on a desktop computer, but you must be able to tell it what you want to do in a way that it understands. You need to know common commands and how to access the help pages.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":10600,"name":"Richard Blum","slug":"richard-blum","description":" <p><b>Emmett Dulaney</b> is a university professor and columnist for <i>Certification Magazine.</i> An expert on operating systems and certification, he is the author of <i>CompTIA Security&#43; Study Guide, CompTIA A&#43; Complete Study Guide,</i> and <i>CompTIA Network&#43; Exam Cram.</i> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10600"}}],"primaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":33526,"title":"Linux","slug":"linux","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33526"}},"secondaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"tertiaryCategoryTaxonomy":{"categoryId":0,"title":null,"slug":null,"_links":null},"trendingArticles":null,"inThisArticle":[],"relatedArticles":{"fromBook":[{"articleId":255873,"title":"How to Use GPG in Linux to Encrypt Files","slug":"how-to-use-gpg-in-linux-to-encrypt-files","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/255873"}},{"articleId":255870,"title":"What You Need to Know to Set Up a Simple Firewall in Linux","slug":"what-you-need-to-know-to-set-up-a-simple-firewall-in-linux","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/255870"}},{"articleId":255867,"title":"How to Use Netfilter on Your Linux System: Enabling a Packet-Filtering Firewall","slug":"how-to-use-netfilter-on-your-linux-system-enabling-a-packet-filtering-firewall","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/255867"}},{"articleId":255864,"title":"Linux Security Basics: How to Encrypt and Sign Files with GnuPG","slug":"linux-security-basics-how-to-encrypt-and-sign-files-with-gnupg","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/255864"}},{"articleId":255861,"title":"How to Protect Files and Directories in Linux","slug":"how-to-protect-files-and-directories-in-linux","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/255861"}}],"fromCategory":[{"articleId":274329,"title":"The Linux GNOME Desktop","slug":"the-linux-gnome-desktop","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/274329"}},{"articleId":274317,"title":"How to Install Linux from Ubuntu Live","slug":"how-to-install-linux-from-ubuntu-live","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/274317"}},{"articleId":274308,"title":"How to Partition a Drive for Linux and Microsoft Windows","slug":"how-to-partition-a-drive-for-linux-and-microsoft-windows","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/274308"}},{"articleId":274301,"title":"10 Linux Troubleshooting Tips","slug":"10-linux-troubleshooting-tips","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/274301"}},{"articleId":274296,"title":"What Is Linux?","slug":"what-is-linux","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/274296"}}]},"hasRelatedBookFromSearch":false,"relatedBook":{"bookId":281757,"slug":"linux-all-in-one-for-dummies-6th-edition","isbn":"9781119901921","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"amazon":{"default":"https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1119901928/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","ca":"https://www.amazon.ca/gp/product/1119901928/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","indigo_ca":"http://www.tkqlhce.com/click-9208661-13710633?url=https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/en-ca/books/product/1119901928-item.html&cjsku=978111945484","gb":"https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/1119901928/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20","de":"https://www.amazon.de/gp/product/1119901928/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=wiley01-20"},"image":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"title":"Linux All-In-One For Dummies, 7th Edition","testBankPinActivationLink":"","bookOutOfPrint":true,"authorsInfo":"<p><p><b><b data-author-id=\"9408\">Emmett Dulaney</b></b> is a university professor and columnist for <i>Certification Magazine.</i> An expert on operating systems and certification, he is the author of <i>CompTIA Security&#43; Study Guide, CompTIA A&#43; Complete Study Guide,</i> and <i>CompTIA Network&#43; Exam Cram.</i> <p><b>Emmett Dulaney</b> is a university professor and columnist for <i>Certification Magazine.</i> An expert on operating systems and certification, he is the author of <i>CompTIA Security&#43; Study Guide, CompTIA A&#43; Complete Study Guide,</i> and <i>CompTIA Network&#43; Exam Cram.</i></p>","authors":[{"authorId":9408,"name":"Emmett Dulaney","slug":"emmett-dulaney","description":" <p><b>Emmett Dulaney</b> is a university professor and columnist for <i>Certification Magazine.</i> An expert on operating systems and certification, he is the author of <i>CompTIA Security&#43; Study Guide, CompTIA A&#43; Complete Study Guide,</i> and <i>CompTIA Network&#43; Exam Cram.</i> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/9408"}},{"authorId":10600,"name":"Richard Blum","slug":"richard-blum","description":" <p><b>Emmett Dulaney</b> is a university professor and columnist for <i>Certification Magazine.</i> An expert on operating systems and certification, he is the author of <i>CompTIA Security&#43; Study Guide, CompTIA A&#43; Complete Study Guide,</i> and <i>CompTIA Network&#43; Exam Cram.</i> ","hasArticle":false,"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/authors/10600"}}],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/books/"}},"collections":[],"articleAds":{"footerAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_adhesion_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;operating-systems&quot;,&quot;linux&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119901921&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6361890ed104a\"></div></div>","rightAd":"<div class=\"du-ad-region row\" id=\"article_page_right_ad\"><div class=\"du-ad-unit col-md-12\" data-slot-id=\"article_page_right_ad\" data-refreshed=\"false\" \r\n data-target = \"[{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;cat&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;technology&quot;,&quot;computers&quot;,&quot;operating-systems&quot;,&quot;linux&quot;]},{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;isbn&quot;,&quot;values&quot;:[&quot;9781119901921&quot;]}]\" id=\"du-slot-6361890ed17ca\"></div></div>"},"articleType":{"articleType":"Cheat Sheet","articleList":[{"articleId":152307,"title":"Linux Installation Checklist","slug":"linux-installation-checklist","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152307"}},{"articleId":152250,"title":"Linux Commands to Check the Network","slug":"linux-commands-to-check-the-network","categoryList":["technology","computers","operating-systems","linux"],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152250"}},{"articleId":152270,"title":"Working in Linux with the bash Shell","slug":"working-in-linux-with-the-bash-shell","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152270"}},{"articleId":152271,"title":"Linux File System Basics","slug":"linux-file-system-basics","categoryList":[],"_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/articles/152271"}}],"content":[{"title":"Common Linux commands","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<h1></h1>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Command</strong></td>\n<td><strong>Description</strong></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cat [<em>filename</em>]</td>\n<td>Display the file’s contents to the standard output device (usually your monitor).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cd /<em>directorypath</em></td>\n<td>Change to directory.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>chmod [<em>options</em>] <em>mode</em> <em>filename</em></td>\n<td>Change a file’s permissions.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>chown [<em>options</em>] <em>filename</em></td>\n<td>Change who owns a file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>clear</td>\n<td>Clear a command-line screen/window for a fresh start.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>cp [<em>options</em>] <em>source</em> <em>destination</em></td>\n<td>Copy files and directories.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>date [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>Display or set the system date and time.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>df [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>Display used and available disk space.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>du [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>Show how much space each file takes up.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>file [<em>options</em>] <em>filename</em></td>\n<td>Determine what type of data is within a file.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>find [<em>pathname</em>] [<em>expression</em>]</td>\n<td>Search for files matching a provided pattern.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>grep [<em>options</em>] <em>pattern</em> [<em>filename</em>]</td>\n<td>Search files or output for a particular pattern.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>kill [<em>options</em>] <em>pid</em></td>\n<td>Stop a process. If the process refuses to stop, use kill -9 pid.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>less [<em>options</em>] [<em>filename</em>]</td>\n<td>View the contents of a file one page at a time.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ln [<em>options</em>] <em>source</em> [<em>destination</em>]</td>\n<td>Create a shortcut.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>locate <em>filename</em></td>\n<td>Search for the specified filename.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>lpr [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>Send a print job.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ls [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>List directory contents.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>man [<em>command</em>]</td>\n<td>Display the help information for the specified command.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mkdir [<em>options</em>] <em>directory</em></td>\n<td>Create a new directory.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mv [<em>options</em>] <em>source</em> <em>destination</em></td>\n<td>Rename or move file(s) or directories.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>passwd [<em>name</em> [<em>password</em>]]</td>\n<td>Change the password or allow (for the system administrator) to change any password.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ps [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>Display a snapshot of the currently running processes.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>pwd</td>\n<td>Display the pathname for the current directory.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rm [<em>options</em>] <em>directory</em></td>\n<td>Remove (delete) file(s) and/or directories.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>rmdir [<em>options</em>] <em>directory</em></td>\n<td>Delete empty directories.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ssh [<em>options</em>] <em>user</em>@<em>machine</em></td>\n<td>Remotely log in to another Linux machine, over the network. Leave an ssh session by typing <strong>exit</strong>.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>su [<em>options</em>] [<em>user</em> [<em>arguments</em>]]</td>\n<td>Switch to another user account.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tail [<em>options</em>] [<em>filename</em>]</td>\n<td>Display the last <em>n</em> lines of a file (the default is 10).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>tar [<em>options</em>] <em>filename</em></td>\n<td>Store and extract files from a tarball (.tar) or a compressed tarball (.tar.gz or .tgz).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>top</td>\n<td>Displays the resources being used on your system. Press Q to exit.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>touch <em>filename</em></td>\n<td>Create an empty file with the specified name.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>who [<em>options</em>]</td>\n<td>Display who is logged on.</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n<p>To access your CDs/DVDs and USB sticks:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>If you’re in the graphical user interface (GUI), the media should be automatically detected.</li>\n<li>On the command line, look in the /media directory. You may need to use mount /media/cdrom, /media/dvdrom, or some other variant.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>To remove your CDs/DVDs and USB sticks:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>In the GNOME 3 desktop, right-click the media’s icon and select Eject from the context menu. If you’re using the KDE Plasma desktop, select the Device Notifier icon in the Panel, and then select the CD or USB icon to eject.</li>\n<li>On the command line, type <strong>umount /media/<em>cdrom</em></strong>, where you should change <strong><em>cdrom</em></strong> to whatever you had to use to mount the item.</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"Accessing Linux help pages","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"<p>To find help, try the following commands:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>man -k [keyword]: Search a database for commands that involve the keyword. Can also be used as apropos [keyword].</li>\n<li>info [command]: Display a file’s help information in an alternate format.</li>\n<li>man [command]: Display a file’s help information.</li>\n<li>whatis [command]: Display a short blurb about the command.</li>\n</ul>\n<p>You can also check the following documentation:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>openSUSE: </strong>The openSUSE documentation (<a href=\"https://doc.opensuse.org/\">https://doc.opensuse.org</a>) provides a complete reference guide to both the openSUSE environment and the GNOME 3 desktop environment. There’s also a user forum (<a href=\"https://forums.opensuse.org/\">https://forums.opensuse.org</a>) where users can post and answer specific questions about using openSUSE.</li>\n<li><strong>Rocky Linux:</strong> The Rocky Linux documentation web page (<a href=\"https://docs.rockylinux.org/\">https://docs.rockylinux.org</a>) provides access to guides (short how-to documentation), books (longer-format documentation), labs (step-by-step work-throughs of processes), and gemstones (very short how-to documents).</li>\n<li><strong>Ubuntu:</strong> The official Ubuntu documentation (<a href=\"https://help.ubuntu.com/\">https://help.ubuntu.com</a>) provides basic information on how to get started with most common desktop tasks. Just look for the topic area you’re interested in and follow the thread. Ubuntu also has a wiki (<a href=\"https://wiki.ubuntu.com/\">https://wiki.ubuntu.com</a>), where Ubuntu users can contribute their own guides and tutorials.</li>\n</ul>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"Two years","lifeExpectancySetFrom":"2022-03-23T00:00:00+00:00","dummiesForKids":"no","sponsoredContent":"no","adInfo":"","adPairKey":[]},"status":"publish","visibility":"public","articleId":207674},{"headers":{"creationTime":"2017-10-05T01:14:37+00:00","modifiedTime":"2022-08-16T20:48:41+00:00","timestamp":"2022-09-14T18:19:56+00:00"},"data":{"breadcrumbs":[{"name":"Technology","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33512"},"slug":"technology","categoryId":33512},{"name":"Computers","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33513"},"slug":"computers","categoryId":33513},{"name":"PCs","_links":{"self":"https://dummies-api.dummies.com/v2/categories/33536"},"slug":"pcs","categoryId":33536}],"title":"How to Restore a System Image on Your Windows PC","strippedTitle":"how to restore a system image on your windows pc","slug":"restore-system-image-windows-pc","canonicalUrl":"","seo":{"metaDescription":"Learn when you would need to restore a system image on your Windows PC and the steps for using the system image.","noIndex":0,"noFollow":0},"content":"The only time you need to restore a system image on your Windows PC is when the entire hard drive is dead, missing, or replaced with a cheese sandwich. With all that data gone, you have to rely upon three items:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>A recovery volume:</strong> Use this media to start the PC and access the Windows Recovery Environment. The tools presented help you navigate through recovery.</li>\r\n \t<li><strong>The system image:</strong> Use this information to restore Windows and other partitions as a base to rebuild your computer system. Tools on the recovery volume help you use the system image information.</li>\r\n \t<li><strong>File History:</strong> Finally, with Windows restored, you run the File History program to recover your PC's lost files and programs.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nYou don't need to restore a system image if you merely need to recover from a Windows disaster. The first thing you should try is System Restore. Second, you can try to reset the PC. Otherwise, the process of using the system image works like this:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>Start the PC by using the Windows Recovery Environment.</strong></li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Choose Troubleshoot.</strong></li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Choose Advanced Options.</strong></li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Choose System Image Recovery.</strong></li>\r\n</ol>\r\nPoint the system image recovery tool at the location of the system image files, and then sit back and wait as the system is rebuilt.\r\n\r\nYes, the process is more complex than four simple steps. For example, you may need a replacement hard drive. The good news is that you have the system image if you need it. Along with a recent backup, you can fully restore your system no matter what happens to the computer.","description":"The only time you need to restore a system image on your Windows PC is when the entire hard drive is dead, missing, or replaced with a cheese sandwich. With all that data gone, you have to rely upon three items:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>A recovery volume:</strong> Use this media to start the PC and access the Windows Recovery Environment. The tools presented help you navigate through recovery.</li>\r\n \t<li><strong>The system image:</strong> Use this information to restore Windows and other partitions as a base to rebuild your computer system. Tools on the recovery volume help you use the system image information.</li>\r\n \t<li><strong>File History:</strong> Finally, with Windows restored, you run the File History program to recover your PC's lost files and programs.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\nYou don't need to restore a system image if you merely need to recover from a Windows disaster. The first thing you should try is System Restore. Second, you can try to reset the PC. Otherwise, the process of using the system image works like this:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li><strong>Start the PC by using the Windows Recovery Environment.</strong></li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Choose Troubleshoot.</strong></li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Choose Advanced Options.</strong></li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Choose System Image Recovery.</strong></li>\r\n</ol>\r\nPoint the system image recovery tool at the location of the system image files, and then sit back and wait as the system is rebuilt.\r\n\r\nYes, the process is more complex than four simple steps. For example, you may need a replacement hard drive. The good news is that you have the system image if you need it. Along with a recent backup, you can fully restore your system no matter what happens to the computer.","blurb":"","authors":[{"authorId":9003,"name":"Dan Gookin","slug":"dan-gookin","description":" <p><b>Dan Gookin</b> wrote the very first <i>For Dummies</i> book in 1991. With more than 11 million copies in print, his books have been translated into 32 languages. <i>PCs For Dummies,</i> now in its 12th edition, is the bestselling beginning PC book in the world. Dan offers tips, games, and fun at www.wambooli.com. 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Ventura macOS Ventura For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 05-08-2023

Whether you’ve purchased a new Mac with macOS Ventura pre-installed or you’ve upgraded from a previous version of macOS, you’ll find that Ventura makes your computer easier to use and offers myriad improvements to make you more productive. This Cheat Sheet includes information on things you should never do to your Mac; a compendium of useful and timesaving keyboard shortcuts; recommendations for backing up data; and website recommendations for smart Ventura users.

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Windows 10 Adding an Exception to Your Windows 7 Firewall

Step by Step / Updated 05-03-2023

Setting up a firewall is an effective way to protect your computer from outside cyber attackers and malicious software. But keep in mind that by setting up a firewall, you are changing the way your computer communicates with other computers on the Internet. The firewall blocks all incoming communications unless you set up a specific inbound exception in the Windows firewall to let a program in. Some of your programs won’t respond until they receive a signal via the Internet. If you have a program that doesn’t poke its own hole through the Windows Firewall, you can tell the firewall to allow packets destined for that specific program — and only that program — in through the firewall.

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General Macs Automatic Investment Programs for Retirement

Article / Updated 05-03-2023

You may want to consider establishing automatic investment programs to save for your retirement. Several automatic savings programs may be available to you. You need to determine how much you can direct to each of these automatic plans. Here’s how you do it: Make sure that you’re taking full advantage of any employer matching contribution for which you may be eligible with your company’s retirement plan. Contribute the maximum amount that the employer will match. If eligible, make the maximum contributions to your and your spouse’s (if applicable) Roth IRA accounts each year; take your contributions automatically out of your checking account each month. A Roth IRA is the best retirement funding vehicle — from a tax standpoint — ever! Although you don’t get a deduction when you contribute to a Roth IRA, all the earnings and withdrawals on the account are tax-free forever. You can establish a Roth IRA account at most banks, through investment advisors, or directly with a low-cost, no-load mutual fund company like Vanguard or a deep discount broker like Scottrade or ShareBuilder. Making monthly contributions is much easier than coming up with the whole year’s contribution at once. You can set up direct automatic investments from your checking account into your Roth IRA account. Build your personal portfolio with low-cost, tax-advantaged-passive investment vehicles, such as exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and index funds. You need to have investments that you can tap into if needed prior to retirement. Also, when you retire and pull money out of your retirement account, 100 percent of that withdrawal is taxable to you as ordinary income. Capital gains tax rates are much lower. You may be much better off from a tax standpoint to pay minimal capital gains now rather than the tax for ordinary income in the future. Index funds are a way individual investors can own the stock market that you hear about on the news, such as the Standard and Poor 500 Composite Index (S&P 500, for short). Index funds have been available through no-load mutual fund powerhouses like Vanguard for decades. However, the range of options now available has exploded in the last few years. You can now buy an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that invests exclusively in United States Treasury Inflation Protection Securities. Rather than buying one bond for $10,000, you can literally buy one share of an ETF, which trades like stocks, incurring a transaction fee to buy or sell shares. And with the advent of deep-discount online brokerage firms, you now can afford to make monthly purchases of exchange-traded funds. Which automatic savings programs are available to you, and how much can you direct to each of these automatic plans? Use the Making Your Investments Automatic Worksheet to put these steps in action. Click here to download and print the Making Your Investments Automatic worksheet.

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General Macs 10 Investing Tips for Success in Your 20s and 30s

Article / Updated 04-25-2023

Investing appears to be complicated and complex. But if you can take some relatively simple concepts to heart and adhere to them, you can greatly increase your success. Here are ten time-tested principles of investing success. Following these principles will pay you big dividends (and capital gains) for many years to come. Regularly save and invest 5 percent to 10 percent of your income Unless you enjoy a large inheritance, you should consistently save 5 percent to 10 percent of the money you’re earning. When should you start doing this? As soon as you begin earning money on a regular basis. Preferably, invest through a retirement savings account to reduce your taxes and ensure your future financial independence. You can reduce both your current federal and state income tax bills (on the contributions) as well as these ongoing bills (on the investment earnings). The exact portion of your income you should be saving is driven by your goals and by your current financial assets and liabilities. Take the time to crunch some numbers to determine how much you should be saving monthly. Understand and use your employee benefits The larger the employer, the more likely it is to offer avenues for you to invest conveniently through payroll deduction, and with possible tax benefits and discounts. Some companies enable you to buy company stock at a reduced price. Often, the most valuable benefit you have is a retirement savings plan, such as a 401(k) plan that enables you to make contributions and save on your current income taxation. Also, after the money is in the account, it can compound and grow over the years and decades without taxation. If you’re self-employed, be sure to establish and use a retirement plan. Also take time to learn about the best investment options available to you — and use them. Thoroughly research before you invest The allure of large expected returns too often is the enticement that gets novices hooked on a particular investment. That’s a whole lot more appealing than researching an investment. But research you must if you want to make an informed decision. Be sure you understand what you’re investing in. Don’t purchase any financial product that you don’t understand. Ask questions and compare what you’re being offered with the best sources I recommend. Beware of purchasing an investment on the basis of an advertisement or a salesperson’s solicitation. Shun investments with high commissions and expenses The cost of the investments you buy is an important variable you can control. All fees must be disclosed in a prospectus, which you should always review before making any investment. Companies that sell their investment products through aggressive sales techniques generally have the worst financial products and the highest fees and commissions. Invest the majority of your long-term money in ownership investments When you’re young, you have plenty of time to let your investments compound and grow. Likewise, you have time to recover from setbacks. So with your long-term money, focus on investments that have appreciation potential, such as stocks, real estate, and your own business. When you invest in bonds or bank accounts, you’re simply lending your money to others and will earn a return that probably won’t keep you ahead of inflation and taxes. Avoid making emotionally based financial decisions Successful investors keep their composure when the going gets tough. You need the ability and wisdom to look beyond the current environment, understanding that it will change in the months and years ahead. You don’t want to panic and sell your stock holdings after a major market correction, for example. In fact, you should consider such an event to be a buying opportunity for stocks. Be especially careful about making important financial decisions after a major life change, such as marriage, the birth of a child, a divorce, job loss, or a death in your family. Make investing decisions based on your plans and needs Your investment decisions should come out of your planning and your overall needs, goals, and desires. This requires looking at your overall financial situation first and then coming up with a comprehensive plan. Don’t be swayed and influenced by the predictive advice offered by various investment pundits or the latest news headlines and concerns. Trust that you know yourself and your financial situation better than anyone else does. Tap information sources with high-quality standards You need to pare down the sources you use to keep up with investing news and the financial markets. Give priority to those that aren’t afraid to take a stand and recommend what’s in your best interests. The public clearly has an appetite for opinion shows; on the political left, you have programs on CNN and MSNBC. On the political right, FOX has some popular conservative opinion shows. Political partisans distort the news rather than report the news, and they prevent you from better understanding what’s really going on so you can make informed decisions. Political partisans overstate the impact that the president and others can have over our economy and financial markets. Stay away from outlets that cater to advertisers or are driven by an ideological agenda. Trust yourself first Look in the mirror. You’ll see the best financial person you can hire and trust. What may be missing is enough education and confidence to make more and better decisions on your own, which this book can assist you with doing. If you need help making a major decision, hire conflict-free advisors who charge a fee for their time. Work in partnership with advisors. Never turn over or abdicate control. Invest in yourself and others Don’t get so wrapped up in making, saving, and investing money that you lose sight of what matters most to you. Invest in your education, your health, and your relationships with family members and friends. Having a lot of money isn’t worth much if you don’t have your health and people with whom to share your life. Give your time and money to causes that better our society and our world.

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Chromebooks Chromebook For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 04-14-2023

The Chromebook is designed to rely heavily on the Internet for most of its functionality. Instead of a large hard drive, Chromebook relies primarily on cloud-based storage. In place of many resident applications, Chromebook uses web-based applications that you access through the Google Web Store and Google Play Store. Because so many functions are obscure, some Chromebook settings — such as cloud printing, email vacation responders, and function keys — can be a little challenging to set up or use. This Cheat Sheet shows you how to take advantage of these functions and shortcut keys.

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General Macs Macs All-in-One For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 01-06-2023

Macs come in all shapes and sizes, but you turn all of them on and off, and do things with the keyboard and mouse or trackpad the same way. This Cheat Sheet of timesaving keyboard shortcuts, mouse and trackpad actions, Mac-related websites, and definitions can help you get the most from your Mac right away.

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Basic Skills Laptops For Seniors For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 12-08-2022

Laptops offer a world of convenience for seniors, but they can be a little intimidating, too. To get started off right, see this checklist for what to look for before buying your laptop. After you’ve purchased your laptop, follow these care and maintenance tips to prolong its life. To round out your experience, here are some handy keyboard shortcuts for getting things done fast in Windows.

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Monterey MacOS Monterey For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 11-15-2022

Whether you’ve purchased a new Mac with macOS Monterey pre-installed or you’ve upgraded from a previous version of macOS, you’ll find that Monterey makes your Mac easier to use and offers myriad improvements to make you more productive. This Cheat Sheet includes information on things you should never do to your Mac; a compendium of useful and timesaving keyboard shortcuts; a discussion of when folders are too full and when (and when not) to create subfolders; recommendations for backing up data; and a short discussion of iDevices and Continuity.

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Linux Linux All-in-One For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 11-01-2022

Linux can fulfill almost any need you have for the operating system on a desktop computer, but you must be able to tell it what you want to do in a way that it understands. You need to know common commands and how to access the help pages.

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PCs How to Restore a System Image on Your Windows PC

Article / Updated 08-16-2022

The only time you need to restore a system image on your Windows PC is when the entire hard drive is dead, missing, or replaced with a cheese sandwich. With all that data gone, you have to rely upon three items: A recovery volume: Use this media to start the PC and access the Windows Recovery Environment. The tools presented help you navigate through recovery. The system image: Use this information to restore Windows and other partitions as a base to rebuild your computer system. Tools on the recovery volume help you use the system image information. File History: Finally, with Windows restored, you run the File History program to recover your PC's lost files and programs. You don't need to restore a system image if you merely need to recover from a Windows disaster. The first thing you should try is System Restore. Second, you can try to reset the PC. Otherwise, the process of using the system image works like this: Start the PC by using the Windows Recovery Environment. Choose Troubleshoot. Choose Advanced Options. Choose System Image Recovery. Point the system image recovery tool at the location of the system image files, and then sit back and wait as the system is rebuilt. Yes, the process is more complex than four simple steps. For example, you may need a replacement hard drive. The good news is that you have the system image if you need it. Along with a recent backup, you can fully restore your system no matter what happens to the computer.

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