Forensic Psychology For Dummies Cheat Sheet (UK Edition)

Robert Hare’s Psychopathy checklist is a tool commonly used in clinical practice to assess whether an individual is a psychopath. Here are Hare’s definitions of two types of psychopath:

• Selfish, callous psychopaths

  • Glibly, but superficially charming

  • Grandiose feeling of how important they are

  • Pathological liar – lies when there is no need to

  • Manipulates others, cunning

  • Lacks remorse or any feelings of guilt

  • Does not really feel strongly about anything

  • Lacks empathy

  • Does not accept responsibility for their actions

• Deviant psychopaths

  • Easily bored, needs excitement

  • Feeds off other people

  • No realistic, long-term goals

  • Impulsive

  • Irresponsible

  • Lack of control over actions

  • Behavioral problems in childhood

  • Juvenile delinquency

  • Different types of offending

  • Abuses any conditions set by the courts

Forensic psychologists often assess offenders to determine whether they’re fit to plead their cases in court, or are likely to be violent in the future. There are a number of important issues to be considered in this assessment and these are outlined here:

• Family background

  • Any history of abuse?

  • Offender ever removed from family?

  • Any criminal close relatives?

• Criminal background

  • Amount and variety of criminal convictions?

  • Types of victims (particularly their ages and genders)?

• Education

  • Achievements at school (or lack of them)?

  • Age left school?

  • Literacy skill level?

  • Numeracy skill level?

• Attitudes

  • Opinions about crime and criminality?

  • Justifications of their offenses?

  • Any processes of denial or minimization?

• Psychological characteristics

  • General intelligence level?

  • Any indications of mental illness?

  • Any indication of personality disorder?

• Domestic circumstances

  • History of intimate relationships?

  • Current intimate relationships?

  • Any children?

  • Occupational history?

  • Residential circumstances?

  • Economic circumstances?

Criminality can often be linked back to an offender’s childhood. A child who exhibits three or more of the following behaviors is at risk of becoming seriously anti-social as an adult:

• Habitual lying

• Cruelty to animals

• Cruelty to people, especially vulnerable people

• Breaking into buildings or cars

• Destroying property ― their own or others

• Deliberate fire-setting

• Running away from home overnight more than once

• Stealing more than once

• Frequent truancy