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Here is the full collection of possibilities among SPSS Syntax language variables:\n<ul class=\"level-one\">\n<li>\nName: Short form of the variable name\n</li>\n<li>\nType: Numeric, comma, dot, scientific notation, date, dollar, custom currency, or string\n</li>\n<li>\nWidth: Maximum number of characters used to display the data\n</li>\n<li>\nDecimals: Number of digits to the right of the decimal point\n</li>\n<li>\nLabel: Long form of the variable name\n</li>\n<li>\nValues: Names assigned to specific values\n</li>\n<li>\nMissing: Value, or values, to represent missing values\n</li>\n<li>\nColumns: Number of spaces into which the value is displayed\n</li>\n<li>\nAlign: Right, left, or center\n</li>\n<li>\nMeasure: Scale, ordinal, or nominal\n</li>\n<li>\nRole: Input, target, both, none, partition, or split\n</li>\n</ul>\n"},{"title":"SPSS Syntax language statements","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"A single Syntax language instruction can be very simple, or it can be complex enough to serve as an entire program. A single instruction consists of a command followed by arguments to modify or expand the actions of the command, as follows:\n<pre class=\"code\">command [/option=value]terminator</pre>\ncommand: Every statement begins with a command.\noption: Each command has a specific set of options.\nvalue: The value, or values, for the option.\nterminator: Every statement ends with a period as a terminator.\n"},{"title":"SPSS Syntax language predefined variables","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"Most of the values used in Syntax are from the variables in the data set you currently have loaded and displayed in SPSS. You simply use your variable names in your program, and SPSS knows where to go and get the values for it.\nSome other variables are already defined, and you can use them anywhere in a program. Predefined variables, which are called system variables, all begin with a dollar sign ($) and already contain values.\nThe system variables are listed in the table below:\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Variable Name</th>\n<th>What It Is</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$CASENUM</td>\n<td>Current case number. It is the count of cases from the \nbeginning to the current one.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$DATE</td>\n<td>Current date in international format with two-digit year.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$DATE11</td>\n<td>Current date in international format with four-digit year.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$JDATE</td>\n<td>Count of the number of days since October 14, 1582 (the first \nday of the Gregorian calendar).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$LENGTH</td>\n<td>Current page length.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$SYSMIS</td>\n<td>System missing value. This prints as a period (.) or whatever \nis defined as the decimal point.</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$TIME</td>\n<td>Number of seconds since midnight October 14, 1582 (the first \nday of the Gregorian calendar).</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>$WIDTH</td>\n<td>Current page width.</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"SPSS Syntax language comments","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"You can insert descriptive text, called a comment, into your program. This text doesn’t do anything except help make things clear when you read (or somebody else reads) your code. You start a comment the same way you start any other command: on its own line by using the keyword COMMENT or an asterisk or an asterisk-slash. The comment is terminated by a period. For example:\n<pre class=\"code\">COMMENT This is a comment and will not be executed.\r\n* This is a comment and will continue to be\r\n a comment until the terminating period.\r\n/* This is a comment and will continue to be\r\n a comment until the terminating asterisk-slash */</pre>\n"},{"title":"SPSS Syntax language relational operators","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"Syntax offers conditional statements that are executed only if conditions are right. Usually those conditions are determined by evaluating the contents of a variable with a logical or relational operator. The following table lists the relational operators you can use to compare numbers.\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Symbol</th>\n<th>Alpha</th>\n<th>What It Is</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>=</td>\n<td>EQ</td>\n<td>Is equal to</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><</td>\n<td>LT</td>\n<td>Is less than</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>></td>\n<td>GT</td>\n<td>Is greater than</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><></td>\n<td>NE</td>\n<td>Is not equal to</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td><=</td>\n<td>LE</td>\n<td>Is less than or equal to</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>>=</td>\n<td>GE</td>\n<td>Is greater than or equal to</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"},{"title":"SPSS Syntax language logical operators","thumb":null,"image":null,"content":"Syntax offers conditional statements that are executed only if conditions are right. Usually those conditions are determined by evaluating the contents of a variable with a logical or relational operator. The following table lists the logical operators you can use for longer, complex comparisons.\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th>Symbol</th>\n<th>Alpha</th>\n<th>Definition</th>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&</td>\n<td>AND</td>\n<td>Both relational operators must be true</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>|</td>\n<td>OR</td>\n<td>Either relational operator can be true</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>~</td>\n<td>NOT</td>\n<td>Reverses the result of a relational operator</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody>\n</table>\n"}],"videoInfo":{"videoId":null,"name":null,"accountId":null,"playerId":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"description":null,"uploadDate":null}},"sponsorship":{"sponsorshipPage":false,"backgroundImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"brandingLine":"","brandingLink":"","brandingLogo":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0},"sponsorAd":"","sponsorEbookTitle":"","sponsorEbookLink":"","sponsorEbookImage":{"src":null,"width":0,"height":0}},"primaryLearningPath":"Advance","lifeExpectancy":"Two 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Statistics SPSS For Dummies Cheat Sheet

Cheat Sheet / Updated 02-14-2022

SPSS is an application that performs statistical analysis on data. Entering and manipulating information in the application can be done by using SPSS’s proprietary language, which is known as the Syntax command language, or more commonly, as Syntax. The language is quite like other programming languages, and it allows you to define variables (or use predefined ones), and to use them within statements, or to evaluate them with relational or logical operators. Good programmers always know to make their code accessible through the use of comments. Syntax can also be used in conjunction with Basic and Python.

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