Richard H. Langley

Solving chemistry problems is a great way to master the various laws and calculations you encounter in a typical chemistry class. This Cheat Sheet provides some basic formulas, techniques, and tips you can refer to regularly to make solving chemistry problems a breeze (well, maybe not a breeze, but definitely easier).

Studying amino acids (the building blocks of proteins, which humans need to grow and develop) is essential in biochemistry. The four subgroups of amino acids are nonpolar, polar and uncharged, acidic, and basic. This Cheat Sheet provides a handy, quick reference to these four subgroups.Biochemistry's basic amino acidsAmino acids are important to the study of biochemistry because they’re the building blocks of proteins found in all cells.

Organic Chemistry II is one of the toughest courses you can take. Surviving isn’t easy — you probably know that from your Organic Chemistry I class. Preparation is key: If you study the basics of organic chemistry the right way, prepare for your tests, and know your aromatic systems, you’re off to a great start!

A chemical equation shows what happens in a chemical reaction. As in any equation, the elements on the left side of the equation (the reactants) must equal the elements on the right (the products). Here are just a few things to remember when balancing chemical equations: Same elements in equal numbers: For an equation to be balanced, it must have the same number of each element on each side of the equation.

The hyperbolic functions are certain combinations of the exponential functions ex and e–x. These functions occur often enough in differential equations and engineering that they’re typically introduced in a Calculus course. Some of the real-life applications of these functions relate to the study of electric transmission and suspension cables.

In an Organic Chemistry II class you often add groups to aromatic systems. If you’re wondering where the substitution will take place, check out this table for some guidelines. When using this table, remember two things: O-p-directors always beat m-directors. Strong activators always beat weak activators.

Organic Chemistry II doesn’t have to be as difficult as you think. Follow these study tips to improve your understanding of organic chemistry, from carbon atom bonds to unnamed reactions, and everything in between: Don’t simply memorize concepts, learn the concepts by working exercises. Keep up with the material by studying Organic Chemistry II a minimum of six days a week.