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Articles & Books From Pat DuPree
Cheat Sheet / Updated 03-08-2022
To successfully study anatomy and physiology, you'll want to understand all the Latin and Greek roots, prefixes and suffixes. Also, make sure to get a good foundational knowledge of anatomic cavities, anatomic positions (standard positions when looking at an anatomical drawing), and anatomic planes.Latin and Greek in anatomy and physiologyScience, especially medicine, is permeated with Latin and Greek terms.
Step by Step / Updated 06-29-2021
Atoms tend to arrange themselves in the most stable patterns possible, which means that they have a tendency to complete or fill their outermost electron orbits. They join with other atoms to do just that. The force that holds atoms together in collections known as molecules is referred to as a chemical bond. There are two main types and some secondary types of chemical bonds:Ionic bondIonic bonding involves a transfer of an electron, so one atom gains an electron while one atom loses an electron.
Article / Updated 12-20-2018
You’ve likely had your blood pressure taken before—the strap wrapped around your upper arm then inflated just to the point that you consider ripping it off from the pain.The purpose of this contraption is to block blood flow to your forearm. Then, as air is let out, blood begins to flow turbulently creating the audible sounds of Kortokoff (that’s why the stethoscope is positioned on your antecubital region, or inner elbow).
Article / Updated 10-21-2018
Innate, or non-specific, defenses are the tools our bodies use to attack foreign invaders regardless of their ilk. Adaptive, or specific, defense is part of the lymphatic system that protects our bodies from foreign invaders.
How our innate defenses protect us
Germs can be bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other microorganisms, and other foreign particles (pollen, toxins) can be problematic.
Article / Updated 09-24-2018
Respiration, or the exchange of gases between an organism and its environment, occurs in three distinct processes: breathing, exchanging gases, and cellular respiration. Here’s a breakdown:
Breathing: The technical term is pulmonary ventilation, or the movement of air into and out of the lungs. Breathing is comprised of two distinct actions: inspiration and expiration.
Article / Updated 09-24-2018
Lymph nodes are the site of filtration in the lymphatic system. Also sometimes incorrectly referred to as lymph glands—they don’t secrete anything, so technically they’re not glands—these bean-shaped sacs are surrounded by connective tissue (and therefore are tough to spot). A lymph node.Lymph nodes contain macrophages, which destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other matter in the lymph fluid.
Practice your way to a high score in your anatomy & physiology class The human body has 11 major anatomical systems, 206 bones, and dozens of organs, tissues, and fluids—that’s a lot to learn if you want to ace your anatomy & physiology class! Luckily, you can master them all with this hands-on book + online experience.
Article / Updated 03-26-2016
What’s the best way to tackle anatomy and physiology and come out successful on the other side? Of course, a good memory helps plenty, but with a little advance planning and tricks of the study trade, even students who complain that they can’t remember their own names on exam day can summon the right terminology and information from their scrambled synaptic pathways.
Article / Updated 03-26-2016
Perhaps because of its unique job of both protecting the outer body and lining internal organs, epithelial tissue has many characteristics that distinguish it from other tissue types.
Epithelial tissues, which generally are arranged in sheets or tubes of tightly packed cells, always have a free, or apical, surface that can be exposed to the air or to fluid.
Article / Updated 03-26-2016
Human osteology, from the Greek word for “bone” (osteon) and the suffix –logy, which means “to study,” focuses on the 206 bones in the adult body endoskeleton. But osteology is more than just bones; it’s also ligaments and cartilage and the joints that make the whole assembly useful. The skeletal system as a whole serves five key functions:
Protection: The skeleton encases and shields delicate internal organs that might otherwise be damaged during motion or crushed by the weight of the body itself.
