Daniel Robbins

The multiverse is a theory that suggests our universe is not the only one, and that many universes exist parallel to each other. These distinct universes within the multiverse theory are called parallel universes. A variety of different theories lend themselves to a multiverse viewpoint.Not all physicists really believe that these universes exist.

General relativity was Einstein’s theory of gravity, published in 1915, which extended special relativity to take into account non-inertial frames of reference — areas that are accelerating with respect to each other.General relativity takes the form of field equations, describing the curvature of space-time and the distribution of matter throughout space-time.

General relativity was Einstein’s theory of gravity, published in 1915, which extended special relativity to take into account non-inertial frames of reference — areas that are accelerating with respect to each other. General relativity takes the form of field equations, describing the curvature of space-time and the distribution of matter throughout space-time.

Many physicists feel that string theory will ultimately be successful at resolving the hierarchy problem of the Standard Model of particle physics. Although it is an astounding success, the Standard Model hasn’t answered every question that physics hands to it. One of the major questions that remains is the hierarchy problem, which seeks an explanation for the diverse values that the Standard Model lets physicists work with.

For most interpretations, superstring theory requires a large number of extra space dimensions to be mathematically consistent: M-theory requires ten space dimensions. With the introduction of branes as multidimensional objects in string theory, it becomes possible to construct and imagine wildly creative geometries for space that correspond to different possible particles and forces.

In relativity, gravity bends our four space-time dimensions, but in string theory more dimensions are bound up in other ways. Space-time is viewed as a smooth “fabric,” but that smooth fabric can be bent and manipulated in various ways. In relativity and modern cosmology, the universe has an inherent curvature.

The de Broglie hypothesis states that particles of matter also had wavelengths and could behave as waves, just as photons did. String theory will later say that both types of particles — matter and energy — are manifestations of vibrating strings, but that’s about 50 years down the road from de Broglie’s time.

Before string theory, there was Einstein’s relativity, and before that was Newton’s gravity, and for about two centuries before Newton, the laws governing the universe were believed, by most of the Western world, to be those set out by Aristotle. Understanding the later revolutions in cosmology starts with the original models of the universe developed by the ancient Greeks.

Although string theory is a young science, it has had many notable achievements. What follows are some landmark events in the history of string theory: 1968: Gabriele Veneziano originally proposes the dual resonance model. 1970: String theory is created when physicists interpret Veneziano’s model as describing a universe of vibrating strings.