Troubleshooting: When Your Mac Locks Up or Acts Up
Macs have a reputation for reliability, but they’re not perfect. Computer software is extremely complex, and problems happen — even with Macs. When your Mac slows down, gets stuck, locks up, or other problems arise, every Mac user should first follow these basic troubleshooting remedies:
-
Back it up: The first rule of computing. Apple’s Time Machine automates the process if you attach a second hard drive and turn on Time Machine. Also consider doing a periodic manual backup of your most important files to DVD-R or an additional external hard drive.
-
Reboot: Select Restart from the Apple menu.
-
Check the hard drive: Run Disk Utility in the Utilities folder. Select your hard drive. Click the Repair Permissions button. Then click the Verify Disk button. If Verify Disk reports a problem, you can boot from the installation disc that came with your computer by inserting it and holding down the C key when you reboot. Running Disk Utility from that system will give you an option to Repair Disk. Do it.
If you can’t find your installation disc, do a safe boot. Shut down your Mac. Press the power button. Right after the startup sound, hold down Shift. After safe boot is complete, restart your Mac. Safe boot repairs your file system as it starts up.
-
Fix preference file: If an application is acting up, the file where it keeps your preference settings (called a plist file) might be messed up. One way to deal with this is to change some preference settings and quit the application. For Finder problems, also change the System Preferences Appearance settings.
Another approach is to quit the troublesome application, open the Library folder in your home directory, and then open the Preferences folder. Find the .plist file for the troublesome application and change its name by tacking the word old or something similar to the end of the filename. Then restart the application with its default preferences.
-
Zap PRAM: Every Mac stores some basic info it needs in a small, separate memory called parameter RAM, or PRAM. To reset it, hold down the P and R keys while you reboot.
-
Replace the battery: If you have a new Mac, you won’t run into system battery problems for years. But if you have an older Mac that is behaving weirdly — a common symptom is the wrong date at startup — the small battery on the motherboard that keeps the clock and PRAM working might have run down. These batteries are easy to replace on older Mac desktop machines and not so easy on all-in-one units.
Replacing a battery is also a common solution to problems with wireless devices. If your wireless keyboard and mouse don’t seem to be working, replace their batteries.
-
Review Login items: These are listed in System Preferences under the Accounts icon. Check to see whether something that doesn’t belong has slipped in.
-
Figure out whether it’s the hardware: If your Mac is crashing frequently, it may be a hardware problem. For starters, disconnect all peripherals and see whether you still have problems. If they go away, reconnect devices one at a time to try and isolate which one is the evildoer. If the problems don’t go away, try running the diagnostic disc that came with your Mac. It typically offers you a fast and more thorough mode. Try the fast mode first. Then do the slow test overnight. If the diagnostic program reports an error, write down exactly what it says, with all the error numbers, and bring that info along with the sick computer to your service tech or have it ready when you call AppleCare.

Macs and OS X Glossary
802.11x wireless
A protocol for connections to your Ethernet network and your Apple TV unit.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Address Book
The place for addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses on the Mac. You can also add a picture and note about the person.

Macs and OS X Glossary
alias
A pointer to another application of folder.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Bluetooth
A short-range wireless technology that lets your Mac communicate with other compatible gadgets, from up to 30 feet away.

Macs and OS X Glossary
ColorSync
A printer setting that lets you add black and white, blue tone, sepia, or other filters.

Macs and OS X Glossary
cookie
A small file that a web site automatically saves on your hard drive. It contains information that the site will use on your future visits. For example, a site might save a cookie to preserve your site preferences for the next time or ¯ in the case of a site such as Amazon.com ¯ to identify you automatically and help customize the offerings that you see.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Dashboard
A translucent screen that lays on top of your desktop and houses clever little applications called widgets.

Macs and OS X Glossary
desktop
The whole of your Mac’s computer screen. Also called the Finder.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Discoverable mode
Helps other Bluetooth devices find your Mac.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Dock
The colorful bar on the bottom of the Mac screen. It’s a rough cross between the Windows taskbar and the Start menu.

Macs and OS X Glossary
double-clicking
Left-clicking twice in rapid succession while keeping the cursor in the same location.

Macs and OS X Glossary
dragging
Positioning the cursor on top of a symbol or icon and then holding down the mouse button and rolling the mouse across your desk, which moves the symbol or icon to a new location.

Macs and OS X Glossary
driver
A software program provided by the printer manufacturer that tells Mac OS X how to communicate with your printer.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol; DHCP
A protocol that enables a computer to automatically get connection information for communicating with a network or your ISP.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Exposé
A Mac feature that, with a click of a button, organizes your Mac desktop.

Macs and OS X Glossary
FileVault
A Mac feature that automatically scrambles, or encrypts, the data in your Home folder.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Finder
The application that Mac OS X runs to display the operating system’s menus and windows.

Macs and OS X Glossary
FireWire
A speedy connector often used with digital cameras.

Macs and OS X Glossary
FTP
Part of the TCP/IP protocol suite; (the hoary acronym FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. FTP is one of the oldest methods for sharing files between computers

Macs and OS X Glossary
function keys
Housed on the top row of the Mac keyboard, the keys with the letter F followed by a number.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iCal
The Mac’s built-in calendar.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iDVD
The application that lets you burn movies onto a disk.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iMac
A Mac desktop computer.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iPhoto
The application where you store and touch up digital images.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iSync
The application that keeps your calendar, Address Book, and Internet bookmarks synchronized across multiple devices.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iTunes
Apple’s renowned musical jukebox.

Macs and OS X Glossary
iWeb
The tool that lets you create personal Web sites, blogs, and podcasts.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol; LDAP
With LDAP, you can search a central company directory from anywhere in the world as long as you have an Internet connection.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol
An encryption protocol developed by Cisco Systems for superior security in the business world.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Mac Mini
Apple’s budget desktop computer. Weighing less than 3 pounds, it’s portable, but not in the same sense as a notebook.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Mac OSx
The operating system that Apple included with all new Mac computer systems since 2002.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Mac Pro
A Mac desktop intended for professionals facing demanding graphics and other computing tasks. Its arrival completed the transition of the Mac line to Intel processors.

Macs and OS X Glossary
MacBook Air
Apple’s super-thin Mac. Encased in aluminum with a 13.3-inch display, Air measures just 0.16 inches at its skinniest point and just 0.75 inches at its thickest. But it still boasts a full-size keyboard and very good battery life.

Macs and OS X Glossary
MacBook, MacBook Pro
Apple’s successor to the PowerBook.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Mail
Apple’s built-in calendar.

Macs and OS X Glossary
MobileMe
The application that keeps your e-mail, contacts, and calendar synchronized, no matter what device you’re using.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Network interface card
A hardware device that your computer uses to talk to the rest of the network.

Macs and OS X Glossary
operating software
The software that makes a Mac work.

Macs and OS X Glossary
parental controls
Safety features that let you place limitations on your child’s computer use.

Macs and OS X Glossary
partition
A formatted section of a disk that contains data.

Macs and OS X Glossary
PDF
A special document display format developed by Adobe; they display like a printed document but take up minimal space.

Macs and OS X Glossary
phishing
A form of Internet fraud where identity thieves, posing as a respectable financial or Internet company, tries to dupe you into clicking phony links to verify personal or account information.

Macs and OS X Glossary
RAID set
A group of multiple separate disks, working together as a team.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Safari
The Mac’s Web browser.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Smart Groups
A way to group contacts in your Address Book.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Smart Mailboxes
Searches for e-mail that matches specific search criteria.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Spotlight
The Mac’s search technology.

Macs and OS X Glossary
start-up disk
The boot drive that contains the Mac OS X system you’re using at the moment

Macs and OS X Glossary
thread
Contains an original message and all related replies, which makes it easy to follow the flow of an e-mail discussion without bouncing around within your Inbox, searching for the next message in the conversation.

Macs and OS X Glossary
trackpad
The smooth surface below your Mac keyboard that’s your laptop’s answer to using a mouse.

Macs and OS X Glossary
USB port
The place on your Mac where you plug in devices you want to connect, such as printers, scanners, digital cameras, and more.

Macs and OS X Glossary
Voiceover
A screen reader designed to make using a Mac easier by speaking the contents of the screen.

Macs and OS X Glossary
wireless network
A network that isn’t connected by wires but uses radio waves, instead.