Shopping for Wine in Specialty Shops
Wine specialty shops are small- to medium-sized stores that sell wine and liquor and, sometimes, wine books, corkscrews, wine glasses, and maybe a few specialty foods. The foods sold in wine shops tend to be gourmet items rather than just run-of-the-mill snack foods.
If you decide to pursue wine as a serious hobby, wine specialty shops are the places where you’ll probably end up buying your wine because they offer advantages that larger operations cannot. These advantages include the following:
Wine-knowledgeable staffers on the premises
An interesting, varied selection of wines at all price levels
Wine shops often organize their wines by country of origin and — in the case of classic wine countries, such as France, by region (Bordeaux, Burgundy, Rhône, and so on). Red wines and white wines are often in separate sections within these country areas. There may be a special section for Champagnes and other sparkling wines and another section for dessert wines. Some stores are now organizing their wine sections by style, such as Aromatic Whites, Powerful Reds, and so forth. A few organize the wines according to grape varieties.
Some wine shops have a special area (or even a super-special, temperature-controlled room) for the finer or more expensive wines. In some stores, it’s a locked vault-like room. In others, it’s the whole back area of the store.
Over in a corner somewhere, often right by the door to accommodate quick purchases, there’s usually a cold box, a refrigerated cabinet with glass doors where bottles of best-selling white and sparkling wines sit. Unless you really must have an ice-cold bottle of wine immediately, avoid the cold box. The wines in there are usually too cold and, therefore, may not be in good condition.
Near the front of the store you may also see boxes or bins of special sale wines. Sometimes, sale wines are those the merchant is trying to unload because he has had them for too long, or they’re wines that he got a special deal on (because the distributor is trying to unload them). When in doubt, try one bottle first before committing to a larger quantity.

Wine Glossary
American Viticultural Area; AVA
In the United States, a term that defines the geographical boundaries of a specific wine zone or region. For example, Napa Valley is the name of the AVA within Napa County.

Wine Glossary
AOC
An acronym for Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée (the shortened form is Appellation Contrôlée, or AC). AOC is a classification relating to the quality of a wine produced in the European Union (EU).

Wine Glossary
AOQS
An acronym for Appellation d’Origine de Qualité Supérieure. AOQS is a classification relating to the quality of a wine produced in the European Union (EU); in this case, refers to a wine of superior quality.

Wine Glossary
appellation
In the European Union, a registered place name listed on a wine label that indicates the origin of the wine. Sometimes called appellation of origin.

Wine Glossary
aroma
A wine descriptor that refers to how a wine smells.

Wine Glossary
balance
A standard that wine experts use to judge wine quality; the relationship of four components (acidity, sweetness, tannin, and alcohol) to each other.

Wine Glossary
body
A wine descriptor that explains how heavy a wine feels in your mouth (often related to the alcohol content). Wines are often described as light-bodied, medium-bodied, or full-bodied.

Wine Glossary
bouquet
A wine descriptor that refers to how a (typically well-aged) wine smells.

Wine Glossary
complexity
A standard that wine experts use to judge wine quality; refers to a characteristic of a wine that has multiple flavors and aromas (usually a better quality wine).

Wine Glossary
crisp
A wine descriptor that refers to a wine with refreshing (typically high) acidity.

Wine Glossary
decanter
A glass container that can hold the contents of an entire bottle of wine; often used to aerate the wine (let it breathe before consuming).

Wine Glossary
depth
A standard that wine experts use to judge wine quality; indicates a wine that gives the impression of having many layers (rather than being "flat" tasting).

Wine Glossary
DO
An acronym for Denominação de Origen. DO is Portugal’s highest quality ranking for their wines.

Wine Glossary
DOC
An acronym for Denominazione di Origine Controllata. DOC is a classification referring to a quality wine produced in Italy.

Wine Glossary
DOCG
An acronym for Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita. DOCG is a classification relating to a small group of elite (high-quality) wines produced in Italy.

Wine Glossary
dry
A wine descriptor that refers to a wine that is not sweet. Wines can be classified as dry, off-dry (or semi-sweet), or sweet.

Wine Glossary
fermentation
The process (during winemaking) in which yeasts convert the sugars in a grape juice to alcohol and carbon dioxide.

Wine Glossary
finish
A wine descriptor that refers to the impression a wine leaves in your mouth after you taste and swallow it (the aftertaste). A standard used to judge wine quality.

Wine Glossary
flavor intensity
A wine descriptor that refers to how strong or weak a wine's flavors are.

Wine Glossary
fruity
A wine descriptor that refers to a wine that has aromas and flavors that suggest fruit.

Wine Glossary
IGT
An acronym for Indicazione di Geografica Tipica. IGT is a table wine classification for Italian wines that list a geographic location on the wine label.

Wine Glossary
length
A standard that wine experts use to judge wine quality; indicates a wine that you can taste on the full length of your tongue, rather than just the front of your tongue.

Wine Glossary
oaky
A wine descriptor that refers to a wine that has flavors of oak, usually due to storage in oak barrels.

Wine Glossary
palate
A term that wine tasters use synonymously for mouth.

Wine Glossary
QbA
An acronym for Qualitätswein bestimmter Anbaugebiet. QbA is a classification referring to a quality wine from a special region in Germany.

Wine Glossary
QmP
An acronym for Qualitätswein mit Prädikat. QmP is a classification referring to a quality wine with special attributes produced in Germany.

Wine Glossary
QWPSR
An acronym for Quality Wine Produced in a Specific Region. QWPSR is a classification referring to quality European wines that have official place names.

Wine Glossary
sediment
Refers to solids (tannin and other matter) that develop in some red wines over time.

Wine Glossary
soft
A wine descriptor that refers to a wine with a smooth feel in the palate; usually refers to wines with low acidity.

Wine Glossary
sommelier
An expert wine specialist who typically assembles a wine list and recommends wines that pair with specific foods.

Wine Glossary
tannic
A wine descriptor that refers to a firm, red wine that leaves a dry feel in the palate.

Wine Glossary
tannin
A substance in grape skins that contributes to how a red wine tastes.

Wine Glossary
terroir
A French word (pronounced ter wahr) that refers to the unique combination of topsoil, climate, altitude, and other natural factors that a particular vineyard or wine region has.

Wine Glossary
typicity
A standard that wine experts use to judge wine quality; refers to whether a particular wine is true to its type (for the specific grape variety).

Wine Glossary
varietal
A wine that is named after the principal (or sole) grape variety used to produce the wine.

Wine Glossary
vintage
The year in which the grapes for a specific wine were grown and harvested.

Wine Glossary
VR
An acronym for Vinho Regional. VR indicates a table wine classification for Portuguese wines.