| Pretest.
Pretest Questions.
Pretest Answers.
Chapter 1: Measurement and Units of Measurement.
Writing Numbers in Scientific Notation.
Significant Figures and Rounding Off Numbers.
Significant Figures in Calculations.
The Metric System.
Density.
Measuring Temperature.
Energy and the Measurement of Heat.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 2: The Classification of Matter, Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures.
Solids, Liquids, and Gases.
Properties and Changes.
The Elements.
The Periodic Table of the Elements.
Atoms and Molecules of the Elements.
Compounds.
Chemical Formulas.
Naming Molecular Compounds.
Mixtures.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 3: Atoms I—The Basics.
Dalton’s Theory of Atoms.
Electrons, Protons, and Neutrons.
The Nuclear Atom.
The Atomic Number and Mass Number.
Isotopes of the Elements.
The Atomic Mass (Atomic Weight) of the Elements.
Ions from Atoms.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Problems.
Chapter 4: Formulas and Names of Ionic Compounds, Acids, and Bases.
Formulas of Binary Ionic Compounds.
Naming Binary Ionic Compounds.
The Polyatomic Ions.
Formulas of Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions.
Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions.
The Common Acids and Bases.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 5: The Mole—Elements and Compounds.
The Mole and Avogadro’s Number.
Molar Mass.
Elements and the Mole—Molar Mass.
Compounds and the Mole.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 6: Percent Composition, Empirical and Molecular Formulas.
Calculating the Percent Composition of Compounds.
Percent Water in a Hydrate.
Empirical and Molecular Formulas.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations.
Writing Chemical Equations.
Balancing Chemical Equations.
Types of Chemical Reactions.
Predicting Reactants and Products in Replacement Equations.
Balanced Equations and the Mole.
Chemical Reactions and Heat.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 8: Calculations Using Balanced Equations.
The Meaning of the Balanced Equation.
Mole-to-Mole Conversions.
Mole-to-Mass and Mass-to-Mole Conversions.
Mass-to-Mass Conversions.
The Limiting Reactant.
Percent Yield of Reactions.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 9: Atoms II—Atomic Structure and Periodic Properties.
The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom.
The Quantum Mechanical Atom: Principal Shells, Subshells, and Orbitals.
Electron Spin.
The Electronic Configuration of Atoms.
Electronic Configuration and the Periodic Table.
Properties of Atoms and the Periodic Table.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding—The Formation of Compounds.
Ionic Bonding—Ionic Compounds.
Covalent Bonding—Covalent Compounds.
Polar and Nonpolar Covalent Bonds.
Electronegativity of Atoms.
Lewis Structures.
The Shapes of Molecules.
VSEPR Theory—Predicting Molecular Shape.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 11: Gases and the Gas Laws.
Pressure.
Temperature.
The Gas Laws.
Standard Temperature and Pressure.
Stoichiometry of Reactions Involving Gases.
The Kinetic-Molecular Theory of Gases.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 12: The Forces between Molecules—Solids and Liquids.
Polar Bonds—Polar Molecules.
The Intermolecular Forces of Attraction.
Phase Changes.
The Molar Heat of Fusion and Vaporization.
Liquids.
Solids.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 13: Solutions and Solution Concentrations.
Factors Affecting Solubility.
Solution Concentrations.
Solution Stoichiometry.
Properties of Solutions.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Chapter 14: Acids, Bases, and Neutralization.
The Arrhenius Concept of Acids and Bases.
The Hydronium Ion.
The Bronsted-Lowry Concept.
The Strength of Acids and Bases.
Neutralization and Net-Ionic Equations.
Chapter Problems and Answers.
Supplemental Chapter Problems.
Glossary.
Customized Full-Length Exam.
Index.
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